King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 25:34 Mean?

1 Samuel 25:34 in the King James Version says “For in very deed, as the LORD God of Israel liveth, which hath kept me back from hurting thee, except thou hadst hasted ... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 25 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

For in very deed, as the LORD God of Israel liveth, which hath kept me back from hurting thee, except thou hadst hasted and come to meet me, surely there had not been left unto Nabal by the morning light any that pisseth against the wall.

1 Samuel 25:34 · KJV


Context

32

And David said to Abigail, Blessed be the LORD God of Israel, which sent thee this day to meet me:

33

And blessed be thy advice, and blessed be thou, which hast kept me this day from coming to shed blood, and from avenging myself with mine own hand.

34

For in very deed, as the LORD God of Israel liveth, which hath kept me back from hurting thee, except thou hadst hasted and come to meet me, surely there had not been left unto Nabal by the morning light any that pisseth against the wall.

35

So David received of her hand that which she had brought him, and said unto her, Go up in peace to thine house; see, I have hearkened to thy voice, and have accepted thy person.

36

And Abigail came to Nabal; and, behold, he held a feast in his house, like the feast of a king; and Nabal's heart was merry within him, for he was very drunken: wherefore she told him nothing, less or more, until the morning light.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
For in very deed, as the LORD God of Israel liveth, which hath kept me back from hurting thee, except thou hadst hasted and come to meet me, surely there had not been left unto Nabal by the morning light any that pisseth against the wall.

David's oath confirms how close disaster came. The formula 'as the LORD God of Israel liveth' solemnizes his acknowledgment. His attribution—'which hath kept me back'—again credits God working through Abigail. The conditional 'except thou hadst hasted' recognizes Abigail's urgency as essential. David repeats his original crude oath about killing all males, not to renew but to reveal what would have happened. The phrase 'by the morning light' maintains the original timeline. This honest acknowledgment of his intended violence demonstrates David's recovered moral clarity. He now sees his own planned action as sin prevented, not justice delayed.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

David's repetition of his crude oath showed complete honesty about his intentions before meeting Abigail. Such frank acknowledgment of prevented sin was unusual among ancient rulers. His attribution of deliverance to God through Abigail modeled proper response to divine intervention.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does David's frank acknowledgment of his intentions reveal about authentic confession?
  2. How does recognizing 'what almost happened' deepen gratitude for divine prevention?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 23 words
וְאוּלָ֗ם1 of 23

For in very deed

H199

however or on the contrary

חַי2 of 23

liveth

H2416

alive; hence, raw (flesh); fresh (plant, water, year), strong; also (as noun, especially in the feminine singular and masculine plural) life (or livin

יְהוָה֙3 of 23

as the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֱלֹהֵ֣י4 of 23

God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל5 of 23

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

אֲשֶׁ֣ר6 of 23
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

מְנָעַ֔נִי7 of 23

which hath kept me back

H4513

to debar (negatively or positively) from benefit or injury

מֵֽהָרַ֖ע8 of 23

from hurting

H7489

properly, to spoil (literally, by breaking to pieces); figuratively, to make (or be) good for nothing, i.e., bad (physically, socially or morally)

אֹתָ֑ךְ9 of 23
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כִּ֣י׀10 of 23
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

לוּלֵ֣י11 of 23

thee except

H3884

if not

מִהַ֗רְתְּ12 of 23

thou hadst hasted

H4116

properly, to be liquid or flow easily, i.e., (by implication)

וַתָּבֹאתי֙13 of 23

and come

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

לִקְרָאתִ֔י14 of 23

to meet

H7125

an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite)

כִּ֣י15 of 23
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

אִם16 of 23
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

נוֹתַ֧ר17 of 23

me surely there had not been left

H3498

to jut over or exceed; by implication, to excel; (intransitively) to remain or be left; causatively to leave, cause to abound, preserve

לְנָבָ֛ל18 of 23

unto Nabal

H5037

nabal, an israelite

עַד19 of 23
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

א֥וֹר20 of 23

light

H216

illumination or (concrete) luminary (in every sense, including lightning, happiness, etc.)

הַבֹּ֖קֶר21 of 23

by the morning

H1242

properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning

מַשְׁתִּ֥ין22 of 23

any that pisseth

H8366

(causatively) to make water, i.e., urinate

בְּקִֽיר׃23 of 23

against the wall

H7023

a wall (as built in a trench)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 25:34 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 25:34 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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