King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 21:14 Mean?

1 Samuel 21:14 in the King James Version says “Then said Achish unto his servants, Lo, ye see the man is mad: wherefore then have ye brought him to me? is mad: or, pla... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Then said Achish unto his servants, Lo, ye see the man is mad: wherefore then have ye brought him to me? is mad: or, playeth the mad man

1 Samuel 21:14 · KJV


Context

12

And David laid up these words in his heart, and was sore afraid of Achish the king of Gath.

13

And he changed his behaviour before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard. scrabbled: or, made marks

14

Then said Achish unto his servants, Lo, ye see the man is mad: wherefore then have ye brought him to me? is mad: or, playeth the mad man

15

Have I need of mad men, that ye have brought this fellow to play the mad man in my presence? shall this fellow come into my house?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Then said Achish unto his servants, Lo, ye see the man is mad: wherefore then have ye brought him to me?

Achish's response indicates David's ruse succeeded. The Hebrew 'hinneh' (behold/lo) introduces his observation with dramatic emphasis. His irritated question to the servants deflects responsibility for David's presence onto them. The king's annoyance reveals he considered dealing with a madman beneath his dignity. Ancient kings surrounded themselves with skilled advisors and warriors, not deranged individuals. God used the cultural assumptions about madness to deliver David from certain death. This demonstrates divine providence working through human customs and beliefs to accomplish His purposes—even when His servant's methods are questionable.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Philistine kings (seranim) maintained courts similar to other ancient Near Eastern monarchs. Bringing a seemingly mad person before the king wasted royal time and risked supernatural contamination of the court.

Reflection Questions

  1. How have you seen God use cultural assumptions or circumstances to provide unexpected deliverance?
  2. What does Achish's dismissive response teach about how God blinds enemies to truth?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וַיֹּ֥אמֶר1 of 12

Then said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

אָכִ֖ישׁ2 of 12

Achish

H397

akish, a philistine king

אֶל3 of 12
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

עֲבָדָ֑יו4 of 12

unto his servants

H5650

a servant

הִנֵּ֤ה5 of 12
H2009

lo!

תִרְאוּ֙6 of 12

Lo ye see

H7200

to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)

אִ֣ישׁ7 of 12

the man

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

מִשְׁתַּגֵּ֔עַ8 of 12

is mad

H7696

to rave through insanity

לָ֛מָּה9 of 12
H4100

properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and

תָּבִ֥יאוּ10 of 12

wherefore then have ye brought

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

אֹת֖וֹ11 of 12
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

אֵלָֽי׃12 of 12
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 21:14 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 21:14 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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