King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 21:15 Mean?

1 Samuel 21:15 in the King James Version says “Have I need of mad men, that ye have brought this fellow to play the mad man in my presence? shall this fellow come into... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Have I need of mad men, that ye have brought this fellow to play the mad man in my presence? shall this fellow come into my house?

1 Samuel 21:15 · KJV


Context

13

And he changed his behaviour before them, and feigned himself mad in their hands, and scrabbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spittle fall down upon his beard. scrabbled: or, made marks

14

Then said Achish unto his servants, Lo, ye see the man is mad: wherefore then have ye brought him to me? is mad: or, playeth the mad man

15

Have I need of mad men, that ye have brought this fellow to play the mad man in my presence? shall this fellow come into my house?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Have I need of mad men, that ye have brought this fellow to play the mad man in my presence? shall this fellow come into my house?

Achish's rhetorical questions complete David's deliverance through dismissal. The Hebrew 'chaser meshugga'im' (lacking madmen) sarcastically implies he already has enough troubled individuals around him. His refusal to allow David into his 'house' (royal court) effectively banished the fugitive from Philistine territory. The double reference to 'this fellow' (Hebrew 'zeh') expresses contempt—yet this contempt saved David's life. Psalm 34's superscription connects it to this event, where David praises God: 'I sought the LORD, and he heard me, and delivered me from all my fears.' What appeared as degrading self-abasement became the vehicle of divine deliverance.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient royal courts carefully controlled access to the king's presence. Achish's rejection meant David would be expelled from Gath, removing the immediate threat while leaving him homeless. This began David's wilderness wandering period.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Psalm 34, written after this event, reshape your understanding of this passage?
  2. When has rejection or dismissal by others actually been God's means of protection?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
חֲסַ֤ר1 of 13

Have I need

H2638

lacking; hence, without

לְהִשְׁתַּגֵּ֖עַ2 of 13

of mad men

H7696

to rave through insanity

אָ֔נִי3 of 13
H589

i

כִּֽי4 of 13
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

יָב֥וֹא5 of 13

in my presence shall this fellow come

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

אֶת6 of 13
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

זֶ֔ה7 of 13
H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

לְהִשְׁתַּגֵּ֖עַ8 of 13

of mad men

H7696

to rave through insanity

עָלָ֑י9 of 13
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

הֲזֶ֖ה10 of 13
H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

יָב֥וֹא11 of 13

in my presence shall this fellow come

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

אֶל12 of 13
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

בֵּיתִֽי׃13 of 13

into my house

H1004

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 21:15 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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