King James Version

What Does 1 Kings 19:2 Mean?

1 Kings 19:2 in the King James Version says “Then Jezebel sent a messenger unto Elijah, saying, So let the gods do to me, and more also, if I make not thy life as th... — study this verse from 1 Kings chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Then Jezebel sent a messenger unto Elijah, saying, So let the gods do to me, and more also, if I make not thy life as the life of one of them by to morrow about this time.

1 Kings 19:2 · KJV


Context

1

And Ahab told Jezebel all that Elijah had done, and withal how he had slain all the prophets with the sword.

2

Then Jezebel sent a messenger unto Elijah, saying, So let the gods do to me, and more also, if I make not thy life as the life of one of them by to morrow about this time.

3

And when he saw that, he arose, and went for his life, and came to Beersheba, which belongeth to Judah, and left his servant there.

4

But he himself went a day's journey into the wilderness, and came and sat down under a juniper tree: and he requested for himself that he might die; and said, It is enough; now, O LORD, take away my life; for I am not better than my fathers. for himself: Heb. for his life


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Then Jezebel sent a messenger unto Elijah, saying, So let the gods do to me, and more also, if I make not thy life as the life of one of them by to morrow about this time.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of elijah flees to horeb, within the book's focus on prophetic ministry of Elijah confronting Baalism. The prophetic office represents God's faithful witness even in apostasy, calling His people back to covenant faithfulness.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Elijah's ministry (c. 860-850 BCE) occurred during Ahab's reign, a time of intense spiritual crisis in Israel.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage illustrate the importance of complete obedience to God's word without compromise?
  2. What does Elijah's ministry reveal about God's character and His commitment to His covenant people?
  3. How does this verse point toward or prepare for the coming of Christ and His eternal kingdom?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 20 words
וַתִּשְׁלַ֤ח1 of 20

sent

H7971

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

אִיזֶ֙בֶל֙2 of 20

Then Jezebel

H348

izebel, the wife of king ahab

מַלְאָ֔ךְ3 of 20

a messenger

H4397

a messenger; specifically, of god, i.e., an angel (also a prophet, priest or teacher)

אֶל4 of 20
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

אֵֽלִיָּ֖הוּ5 of 20

unto Elijah

H452

elijah, the name of the famous prophet and of two other israelites

לֵאמֹ֑ר6 of 20

saying

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

כֹּֽה7 of 20
H3541

properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now

יַעֲשׂ֤וּן8 of 20

do

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

אֱלֹהִים֙9 of 20

So let the gods

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

וְכֹ֣ה10 of 20
H3541

properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now

יֽוֹסִפ֔וּן11 of 20

to me and more

H3254

to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)

כִּֽי12 of 20
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

כָעֵ֤ת13 of 20

about this time

H6256

time, especially (adverb with preposition) now, when, etc

מָחָר֙14 of 20

of them by to morrow

H4279

properly, deferred, i.e., the morrow; usually (adverbially) tomorrow; indefinitely, hereafter

אָשִׂ֣ים15 of 20

also if I make

H7760

to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)

אֶֽת16 of 20
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

כְּנֶ֖פֶשׁ17 of 20

as the life

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

כְּנֶ֖פֶשׁ18 of 20

as the life

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

אַחַ֥ד19 of 20

of one

H259

properly, united, i.e., one; or (as an ordinal) first

מֵהֶֽם׃20 of 20
H1992

they (only used when emphatic)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Kings. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Kings 19:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Kings 19:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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