King James Version

What Does 1 Kings 12:3 Mean?

1 Kings 12:3 in the King James Version says “That they sent and called him. And Jeroboam and all the congregation of Israel came, and spake unto Rehoboam, saying, — study this verse from 1 Kings chapter 12 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

That they sent and called him. And Jeroboam and all the congregation of Israel came, and spake unto Rehoboam, saying,

1 Kings 12:3 · KJV


Context

1

And Rehoboam went to Shechem: for all Israel were come to Shechem to make him king.

2

And it came to pass, when Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who was yet in Egypt, heard of it, (for he was fled from the presence of king Solomon, and Jeroboam dwelt in Egypt;)

3

That they sent and called him. And Jeroboam and all the congregation of Israel came, and spake unto Rehoboam, saying,

4

Thy father made our yoke grievous: now therefore make thou the grievous service of thy father, and his heavy yoke which he put upon us, lighter, and we will serve thee.

5

And he said unto them, Depart yet for three days, then come again to me. And the people departed.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
That they sent and called him. And Jeroboam and all the congregation of Israel came, and spake unto Rehoboam, saying,

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of kingdom divided: rehoboam and jeroboam, within the book's focus on kingdom division as judgment for Solomon's idolatry.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. The kingdom division (c. 930 BCE) created the northern kingdom (Israel, 10 tribes) and southern kingdom (Judah, 2 tribes).

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Reflection Questions

  1. How can leaders today avoid Rehoboam's mistakes and lead with wisdom rather than pride?
  2. What does the kingdom division teach about the long-term consequences of generational sin and compromise?
  3. How does this verse point toward or prepare for the coming of Christ and His eternal kingdom?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וַֽיִּשְׁלְחוּ֙1 of 12

That they sent

H7971

to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)

וַיִּקְרְאוּ2 of 12

and called

H7121

to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)

ל֔וֹ3 of 12
H0
וַיָּבֹ֥או4 of 12

came

H935

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

יָֽרָבְעָ֖ם5 of 12

him And Jeroboam

H3379

jarobam, the name of two israelite kings

וְכָל6 of 12
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

קְהַ֣ל7 of 12

and all the congregation

H6951

assemblage (usually concretely)

יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל8 of 12

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

וַֽיְדַבְּר֔וּ9 of 12

and spake

H1696

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

אֶל10 of 12
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

רְחַבְעָ֖ם11 of 12

unto Rehoboam

H7346

rechabam, an israelite king

לֵאמֹֽר׃12 of 12

saying

H559

to say (used with great latitude)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Kings. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Kings 12:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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