King James Version

What Does 1 Kings 11:23 Mean?

1 Kings 11:23 in the King James Version says “And God stirred him up another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliadah, which fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah: — study this verse from 1 Kings chapter 11 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And God stirred him up another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliadah, which fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah:

1 Kings 11:23 · KJV


Context

21

And when Hadad heard in Egypt that David slept with his fathers, and that Joab the captain of the host was dead, Hadad said to Pharaoh, Let me depart, that I may go to mine own country. Let: Heb. Send me away

22

Then Pharaoh said unto him, But what hast thou lacked with me, that, behold, thou seekest to go to thine own country? And he answered, Nothing: howbeit let me go in any wise. Nothing: Heb. Not

23

And God stirred him up another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliadah, which fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah:

24

And he gathered men unto him, and became captain over a band, when David slew them of Zobah: and they went to Damascus, and dwelt therein, and reigned in Damascus.

25

And he was an adversary to Israel all the days of Solomon, beside the mischief that Hadad did: and he abhorred Israel, and reigned over Syria.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And God stirred him up another adversary, Rezon the son of Eliadah, which fled from his lord Hadadezer king of Zobah:

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of solomon's apostasy and death, within the book's focus on Solomon's wisdom, temple building, and tragic apostasy.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. Solomon's reign (c. 970-930 BCE) represented Israel's golden age of peace and prosperity.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Reflection Questions

  1. How did Solomon's disobedience to God's clear commands lead to his downfall, and what warnings does this provide?
  2. What role do relationships and alliances play in either strengthening or compromising our faith?
  3. How does this verse point toward or prepare for the coming of Christ and His eternal kingdom?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 15 words
וַיָּ֨קֶם1 of 15

stirred him up

H6965

to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)

אֱלֹהִ֥ים2 of 15

And God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

לוֹ֙3 of 15
H0
שָׂטָ֔ן4 of 15

another adversary

H7854

an opponent; especially (with the article prefixed) satan, the arch-enemy of good

אֶת5 of 15
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

רְז֖וֹן6 of 15

Rezon

H7331

rezon, a syrian

בֶּן7 of 15

the son

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

אֶלְיָדָ֑ע8 of 15

of Eliadah

H450

eljada, the name of two israelites and of an aramaean leader

אֲשֶׁ֣ר9 of 15
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

בָּרַ֗ח10 of 15

which fled

H1272

to bolt, i.e., figuratively, to flee suddenly

מֵאֵ֛ת11 of 15
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הֲדַדְעֶ֥זֶר12 of 15

Hadadezer

H1909

hadadezer, a syrian king, possibly a royal title

מֶֽלֶךְ13 of 15

king

H4428

a king

צוֹבָ֖ה14 of 15

of Zobah

H6678

zoba or zobah, a region of syria

אֲדֹנָֽיו׃15 of 15

from his lord

H113

sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Kings. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Kings 11:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Kings 11:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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