King James Version

What Does 1 Kings 1:4 Mean?

1 Kings 1:4 in the King James Version says “And the damsel was very fair, and cherished the king, and ministered to him: but the king knew her not. — study this verse from 1 Kings chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the damsel was very fair, and cherished the king, and ministered to him: but the king knew her not.

1 Kings 1:4 · KJV


Context

2

Wherefore his servants said unto him, Let there be sought for my lord the king a young virgin: and let her stand before the king, and let her cherish him, and let her lie in thy bosom, that my lord the king may get heat. Let there: Heb. Let them seek a young: Heb. a damsel, a virgin cherish: Heb. be a cherisher unto him

3

So they sought for a fair damsel throughout all the coasts of Israel, and found Abishag a Shunammite, and brought her to the king.

4

And the damsel was very fair, and cherished the king, and ministered to him: but the king knew her not.

5

Then Adonijah the son of Haggith exalted himself, saying, I will be king: and he prepared him chariots and horsemen, and fifty men to run before him. be king: Heb. reign

6

And his father had not displeased him at any time in saying, Why hast thou done so? and he also was a very goodly man; and his mother bare him after Absalom. at any: Heb. from his days


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And the damsel was very fair, and cherished the king, and ministered to him: but the king knew her not.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of solomon's accession and adonijah's rebellion, within the book's focus on succession narrative and establishment of Solomon's reign.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. This passage describes events around 970 BCE during the transition from David to Solomon.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage illustrate the importance of clear succession planning and communication in leadership transitions?
  2. What does Solomon's consolidation of power reveal about the relationship between justice, mercy, and political necessity?
  3. How does this verse point toward or prepare for the coming of Christ and His eternal kingdom?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
וְהַֽנַּעֲרָ֖ה1 of 11

And the damsel

H5291

a girl (from infancy to adolescence)

יָפָ֣ה2 of 11

fair

H3303

beautiful (literally or figuratively)

עַד3 of 11
H5704

as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)

מְאֹ֑ד4 of 11

was very

H3966

properly, vehemence, i.e., (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or

וַתְּהִ֨י5 of 11
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

וְהַמֶּ֖לֶךְ6 of 11

the king

H4428

a king

סֹכֶ֙נֶת֙7 of 11

and cherished

H5532

to be familiar with; by implication, to minister to, be serviceable to, to cherish, be customary

וַתְּשָׁ֣רְתֵ֔הוּ8 of 11

and ministered

H8334

to attend as a menial or worshipper; figuratively, to contribute to

וְהַמֶּ֖לֶךְ9 of 11

the king

H4428

a king

לֹ֥א10 of 11
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יְדָעָֽהּ׃11 of 11

knew

H3045

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Kings. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Kings 1:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Kings 1:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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