King James Version

What Does 1 Chronicles 1:50 Mean?

1 Chronicles 1:50 in the King James Version says “And when Baalhanan was dead, Hadad reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Pai; and his wife's name was Mehet... — study this verse from 1 Chronicles chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And when Baalhanan was dead, Hadad reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Pai; and his wife's name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Mezahab. Hadad: or, Hadar Pai: or, Pau

1 Chronicles 1:50 · KJV


Context

48

And when Samlah was dead, Shaul of Rehoboth by the river reigned in his stead.

49

And when Shaul was dead, Baalhanan the son of Achbor reigned in his stead.

50

And when Baalhanan was dead, Hadad reigned in his stead: and the name of his city was Pai; and his wife's name was Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Mezahab. Hadad: or, Hadar Pai: or, Pau

51

Hadad died also. And the dukes of Edom were; duke Timnah, duke Aliah, duke Jetheth,

52

Duke Aholibamah, duke Elah, duke Pinon,


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Genealogical Significance: This verse appears within the Primeval and patriarchal genealogies section of Chronicles' genealogical framework. The Hebrew term תּוֹלְדוֹת (toledot) - generations is central to understanding this passage's purpose. The Chronicler, writing to post-exilic Israel (c. 450-400 BCE), uses these genealogies not merely as historical records but as theological statements about covenant continuity and divine faithfulness.

The genealogical structure serves multiple purposes: (1) establishing Israel's connection to God's creatio n plan from Adam, (2) legitimizing post-exilic community's claim to covenant promises, (3) emphasizing Judah and Levi's special roles in God's redemptive plan, and (4) demonstrating that despite exile, God's covenant purposes continue. The selection and arrangement of names is intentional, highlighting God's sovereign plan through chosen lineage.

Chronicles diverges from Genesis and Samuel-Kings in its genealogical presentation, reflecting the Chronicler's distinct theological agenda. Where earlier texts focus on narrative history, Chronicles emphasizes continuity, legitimacy, and hope for restoration. This verse contributes to the larger argument that the post-exilic community is the rightful heir of God's ancient covenant promises.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Post-Exilic Context: The Chronicler wrote during the Persian period (450-400 BCE) to a community returned from Babylonian exile, struggling with identity and purpose. These genealogies answered crucial questions: Who are we? What is our relationship to ancient Israel? Do God's promises still apply to us?

The historical setting influences the text's emphasis on Genealogies from Adam to Edom - establishing covenant continuity. Ancient Near Eastern cultures valued genealogies for establishing land rights, royal legitimacy, and tribal identity. Chronicles' genealogies served similar functions while adding theological depth. The inclusion of specific names and details reflects the author's access to temple archives, royal records, and earlier biblical texts.

Archaeological evidence from Persian-period Judah shows a small, struggling community centered around Jerusalem and the rebuilt temple. The genealogies reinforced their connection to the glorious past and provided hope for future restoration through God's covenant faithfulness.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does understanding genealogies as theological statements rather than mere historical records change your reading of Chronicles and other biblical genealogies?
  2. What does this verse teach about God's faithfulness across generations, and how does that apply to your own family's spiritual legacy?
  3. How does God's sovereign plan through chosen lineage connect to the New Testament revelation of Jesus Christ as the fulfillment of Old Testament promises?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 17 words
וַיָּ֙מָת֙1 of 17

was dead

H4191

to die (literally or figuratively); causatively, to kill

בַּ֣עַל2 of 17
H0
חָנָ֔ן3 of 17

And when Baalhanan

H1177

baal-chanan, the name of an edomite, also of an israelite

וַיִּמְלֹ֤ךְ4 of 17

reigned

H4427

to reign; hence (by implication) to take counsel

תַּחְתָּיו֙5 of 17
H8478

the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc

הֲדַ֔ד6 of 17

Hadad

H1908

hadad, the name of an idol, and of several kings of edom, possibly a royal title

וְשֵׁ֨ם7 of 17

in his stead and the name

H8034

an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character

עִיר֖וֹ8 of 17

of his city

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

פָּ֑עִי9 of 17

was Pai

H6464

pau or pai, a place in edom

וְשֵׁ֨ם10 of 17

in his stead and the name

H8034

an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character

אִשְׁתּ֤וֹ11 of 17

and his wife's

H802

a woman

מְהֵֽיטַבְאֵל֙12 of 17

was Mehetabel

H4105

mehetabel, the name of an edomitish man and woman

בַּ֖ת13 of 17

the daughter

H1323

a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)

מַטְרֵ֔ד14 of 17

of Matred

H4308

matred, an edomitess

בַּ֖ת15 of 17

the daughter

H1323

a daughter (used in the same wide sense as other terms of relationship, literally and figuratively)

מֵ֥י16 of 17
H0
זָהָֽב׃17 of 17

of Mezahab

H4314

me-zahab, an edomite


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Chronicles. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Chronicles 1:50 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Chronicles 1:50 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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