About Genesis

Genesis is the book of beginnings, recording the creation of the world, the origin of humanity, the entrance of sin, and the beginning of God's plan of redemption through the family of Abraham.

Author: MosesWritten: c. 1445-1405 BCReading time: ~2 minVerses: 18
CreationFall of ManCovenantFaithProvidenceRedemption

King James Version

Genesis 20

18 verses with commentary

Abraham and Abimelech

And Abraham journeyed from thence toward the south country, and dwelled between Kadesh and Shur, and sojourned in Gerar.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And Abraham journeyed from thence toward the south country, and dwelled between Kadesh and Shur, and...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

XX. ABRAHAM’S DENIAL OF HIS WIFE AT GERAR. (1) **Abraham journeyed from thence.**—That is, from Mamre, where he had so long halted, and which seems to have continued to be one of his homes. As he had been commanded to traverse the whole land (Genesis 13:17-18), we need seek no reasons for his removal. It was the rule of his life to move from place to place, both on account of his cattle, and also ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

15-17. The kindly interest the angels took in the preservation of Lot is beautifully displayed. But he "lingered." Was it from sorrow at the prospect of losing all his property, the acquisition of many years? Or was it that his benevolent heart was paralyzed by thoughts of the awful crisis? This is the charitable way of accounting for a delay that would have been fatal but for the friendly urgency...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Abraham's sojourn at Gerar, Sarah is taken by Abimelech.(1-8) Abimelech's rebuke to Abraham.(9-13) Abimelech restores Sarah.(14-18) **Verses 1-8** Crooked policy will not prosper: it brings ourselves and others into danger. God gives Abimelech notice of his danger of sin, and his danger of death for his sin. Every wilful sinner is a dead man, but Ab...
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And Abraham said of Sarah his wife, She is my sister: and Abimelech king of Gerar sent, and took Sarah.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And Abraham said of Sarah his wife, She is my sister: and Abimelech king of Gerar sent, and took Sar...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(2) **She is my sister.**—Twenty years before, Abraham had acted in the same way in Egypt, and Pharaoh had rebuked him, but sent him away with large presents. We learn from this chapter, Genesis 20:13, that the false representation which twice brought them into trouble was habitual with the two; nor does Abraham ever seem conscious that he was acting in it wrongfully. To us it seems cowardly, in o...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**18-19. Lot said ... Oh, not so, my Lord ... I cannot escape to the mountain--**What a strange want of faith and fortitude, as if He who had interfered for his rescue would not have protected Lot in the mountain solitude.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Abraham's sojourn at Gerar, Sarah is taken by Abimelech.(1-8) Abimelech's rebuke to Abraham.(9-13) Abimelech restores Sarah.(14-18) **Verses 1-8** Crooked policy will not prosper: it brings ourselves and others into danger. God gives Abimelech notice of his danger of sin, and his danger of death for his sin. Every wilful sinner is a dead man, but Ab...
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But God came to Abimelech in a dream by night, and said to him, Behold, thou art but a dead man, for the woman which thou hast taken; for she is a man's wife. a man's: Heb. married to an husband

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>But God came to Abimelech in a dream by night, and said to him, Behold, thou art but a dead man, for...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(3) **God (Elohim)** **came . . . —**From the use of this title of the Deity it has been said that this narrative is an Elohistic form of the Jehovistic narrative in·Genesis 12:10-20. But we have seen that even in the History of the Fall, where the writer in so remarkable a manner styles the Deity Jehovah-Elohim, he nevertheless restricts Eve and the serpent in their conversation to the name Elohi...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**18-19. Lot said ... Oh, not so, my Lord ... I cannot escape to the mountain--**What a strange want of faith and fortitude, as if He who had interfered for his rescue would not have protected Lot in the mountain solitude.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Abraham's sojourn at Gerar, Sarah is taken by Abimelech.(1-8) Abimelech's rebuke to Abraham.(9-13) Abimelech restores Sarah.(14-18) **Verses 1-8** Crooked policy will not prosper: it brings ourselves and others into danger. God gives Abimelech notice of his danger of sin, and his danger of death for his sin. Every wilful sinner is a dead man, but Ab...
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But Abimelech had not come near her: and he said, Lord, wilt thou slay also a righteous nation?

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>But Abimelech had not come near her: and he said, Lord, wilt thou slay also a righteous nation?...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise fulf...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(4) **A righteous nation.**—Knobel has pointed out that there is an allusion here to the fate of Sodom. Though the malady was confined to Abimelech and his household, yet he sees destruction threatening his whole people, who, compared with the inhabitants of the Ciccar cities, were righteous. There is indirect proof: of the truth of Abimelech’s assertion in the fact that death (see Genesis 20:3) i...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Abraham's sojourn at Gerar, Sarah is taken by Abimelech.(1-8) Abimelech's rebuke to Abraham.(9-13) Abimelech restores Sarah.(14-18) **Verses 1-8** Crooked policy will not prosper: it brings ourselves and others into danger. God gives Abimelech notice of his danger of sin, and his danger of death for his sin. Every wilful sinner is a dead man, but Ab...
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Said he not unto me, She is my sister? and she, even she herself said, He is my brother: in the integrity of my heart and innocency of my hands have I done this. integrity: or, simplicity, or, sincerity

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Said he not unto me, She is my sister? and she, even she herself said, He is my brother: in the inte...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(5) **In the integrity of my heart . . . —**Not only does Abimelech assert this, but Elohim (see Genesis 20:6) admits the plea. And yet this Philistine king indulges in polygamy, and claims the right of taking the female relatives of any one passing through his territory to add them to his harem. But the words mean no more than that he was not consciously violating any of his own rules of morality...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**21. See, I have accepted thee concerning this ... also--**His request was granted him, the prayer of faith availed, and to convince him, from his own experience, that it would have been best and safest at once to follow implicitly the divine directions.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Abraham's sojourn at Gerar, Sarah is taken by Abimelech.(1-8) Abimelech's rebuke to Abraham.(9-13) Abimelech restores Sarah.(14-18) **Verses 1-8** Crooked policy will not prosper: it brings ourselves and others into danger. God gives Abimelech notice of his danger of sin, and his danger of death for his sin. Every wilful sinner is a dead man, but Ab...
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And God said unto him in a dream, Yea, I know that thou didst this in the integrity of thy heart; for I also withheld thee from sinning against me: therefore suffered I thee not to touch her.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And God said unto him in a dream, Yea, I know that thou didst this in the integrity of thy heart; fo...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**22. Haste ... for I cannot do any thing till thou be come thither--**The ruin of Sodom was suspended till he was secure. What care God does take of His people (Re 7:3)! What a proof of the love which God bore to a good though weak man!

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Abraham's sojourn at Gerar, Sarah is taken by Abimelech.(1-8) Abimelech's rebuke to Abraham.(9-13) Abimelech restores Sarah.(14-18) **Verses 1-8** Crooked policy will not prosper: it brings ourselves and others into danger. God gives Abimelech notice of his danger of sin, and his danger of death for his sin. Every wilful sinner is a dead man, but Ab...
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Now therefore restore the man his wife; for he is a prophet, and he shall pray for thee, and thou shalt live: and if thou restore her not, know thou that thou shalt surely die, thou, and all that are thine.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Now therefore restore the man his wife; for he is a prophet, and he shall pray for thee, and thou sh...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(7) **He is a prophet.**—This is not said as an aggravation of Abimelech’s sin, but as an encouragement to him to restore Sarah. It is therefore rightly joined with the words “He shall pray for thee.” For the word prophet is used here in its old sense of *spokesman *(comp. Exod. Genesis 7:1, with Genesis 4:16), and especially of such an one as mediates between God and man. There was a true feeling...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Abraham's sojourn at Gerar, Sarah is taken by Abimelech.(1-8) Abimelech's rebuke to Abraham.(9-13) Abimelech restores Sarah.(14-18) **Verses 1-8** Crooked policy will not prosper: it brings ourselves and others into danger. God gives Abimelech notice of his danger of sin, and his danger of death for his sin. Every wilful sinner is a dead man, but Ab...
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Therefore Abimelech rose early in the morning, and called all his servants, and told all these things in their ears: and the men were sore afraid.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Therefore Abimelech rose early in the morning, and called all his servants, and told all these thing...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**24. Then the Lord rained ... brimstone and fire from ... heaven--**God, in accomplishing His purposes, acts immediately or mediately through the agency of means; and there are strong grounds for believing that it was in the latter way He effected the overthrow of the cities of the plain--that it was, in fact, by a volcanic eruption. The raining down of fire and brimstone from heaven is perfectly...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 20 Chapter Outline Abraham's sojourn at Gerar, Sarah is taken by Abimelech.(1-8) Abimelech's rebuke to Abraham.(9-13) Abimelech restores Sarah.(14-18) **Verses 1-8** Crooked policy will not prosper: it brings ourselves and others into danger. God gives Abimelech notice of his danger of sin, and his danger of death for his sin. Every wilful sinner is a dead man, but Ab...
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Then Abimelech called Abraham, and said unto him, What hast thou done unto us? and what have I offended thee, that thou hast brought on me and on my kingdom a great sin? thou hast done deeds unto me that ought not to be done.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Then Abimelech called Abraham, and said unto him, What hast thou done unto us? and what have I offen...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-13** See here much to blame, even in the father of the faithful. Mark his distrust of God, his undue care about life, his intent to deceive. He also threw temptation in the way of others, caused affliction to them, exposed himself and Sarah to just rebukes, and yet attempted an excuse. These things are written for our warning, not for us to imitate. Even Abraham hath not whereof to ...
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And Abimelech said unto Abraham, What sawest thou, that thou hast done this thing?

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And Abimelech said unto Abraham, What sawest thou, that thou hast done this thing?...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise fulfillment.<br><...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(10) **What sawest thou?**—Some modern commentators explain the Hebrew as meaning, What purpose hadst thou? What didst thou look for? But the old rendering is probably right. Abimelech first denies by indignant questions that he had been guilty of any wrong towards Abraham, and then asks what he had seen in the conduct of himself and people to justify such mistrust of them. Throughout, the king sp...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

26. Lot was accompanied by his wife and two daughters. But whether it was from irresistible curiosity or perturbation of feeling, or that she was about to return to save something, his wife lingered, and while thus disobeying the parting counsel, "to look not back, nor stay in all the plain" [Ge 19:17], the torrent of liquid lava enveloped her so that she became the victim of her supine indolence ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-13** See here much to blame, even in the father of the faithful. Mark his distrust of God, his undue care about life, his intent to deceive. He also threw temptation in the way of others, caused affliction to them, exposed himself and Sarah to just rebukes, and yet attempted an excuse. These things are written for our warning, not for us to imitate. Even Abraham hath not whereof to ...
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And Abraham said, Because I thought, Surely the fear of God is not in this place; and they will slay me for my wife's sake.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And Abraham said, Because I thought, Surely the fear of God is not in this place; and they will slay...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(11) **Surely the fear of God . . . —**Abraham’s general condemnation of the people had some excuse in the widespread depravity of the nations in Canaan, but was nevertheless unjust. Even as regards these nations, they were not utterly corrupt (Genesis 15:16), and both in Egypt and in Gerar the standard of morality was higher than Abraham supposed. His difficulty was the result of his own imperfec...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**27. Abraham gat up early in the morning, &amp;c.--**Abraham was at this time in Mamre, near Hebron, and a traveller last year verified the truth of this passage. "From the height which overlooks Hebron, where the patriarch stood, the observer at the present day has an extensive view spread out before him towards the Dead Sea. A cloud of smoke rising from the plain would be visible to a person at...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-13** See here much to blame, even in the father of the faithful. Mark his distrust of God, his undue care about life, his intent to deceive. He also threw temptation in the way of others, caused affliction to them, exposed himself and Sarah to just rebukes, and yet attempted an excuse. These things are written for our warning, not for us to imitate. Even Abraham hath not whereof to ...
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And yet indeed she is my sister; she is the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother; and she became my wife.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And yet indeed she is my sister; she is the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(12) **Not the daughter of my mother.**—This disproves the notion that Sarah was the same as Iscah (Genesis 11:29); for as Iscah was Terah’s granddaughter, the distinction between the identity of the father and the diversity of the mother would in her case be unmeaning. Sarah was apparently Abraham’s half-sister, being Terah’s daughter by another wife; and we gather from her calling her child Sara...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-13** See here much to blame, even in the father of the faithful. Mark his distrust of God, his undue care about life, his intent to deceive. He also threw temptation in the way of others, caused affliction to them, exposed himself and Sarah to just rebukes, and yet attempted an excuse. These things are written for our warning, not for us to imitate. Even Abraham hath not whereof to ...
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And it came to pass, when God caused me to wander from my father's house, that I said unto her, This is thy kindness which thou shalt shew unto me; at every place whither we shall come, say of me, He is my brother.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And it came to pass, when God caused me to wander from my father's house, that I said unto her, This...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(13) **When God caused me to wander.**—According to rule, Elohim is construed with a verb singular for the true God, but with a verb plural for false gods. Here the verb is plural, and the same construction occurs in Genesis 35:7; Exodus 22:9; 2Samuel 7:22 (but singular in 1Chronicles 17:20); and Psalm 58:11 : moreover, in Joshua 24:19, Elohim is joined with an adjective (holy) in the plural. Thes...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**29. when God destroyed the cities, &amp;c.--**This is most welcome and instructive after so painful a narrative. It shows if God is a "consuming fire" to the wicked [De 4:24; He 12:29], He is the friend of the righteous. He "remembered" the intercessions of Abraham, and what confidence should not this give us that He will remember the intercessions of a greater than Abraham in our behalf.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 9-13** See here much to blame, even in the father of the faithful. Mark his distrust of God, his undue care about life, his intent to deceive. He also threw temptation in the way of others, caused affliction to them, exposed himself and Sarah to just rebukes, and yet attempted an excuse. These things are written for our warning, not for us to imitate. Even Abraham hath not whereof to ...
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And Abimelech took sheep, and oxen, and menservants, and womenservants, and gave them unto Abraham, and restored him Sarah his wife.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And Abimelech took sheep, and oxen, and menservants, and womenservants, and gave them unto Abraham, ...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(14) **Abimelech. . . . gave them unto Abraham.**—Pharaoh’s presents were given when he took Sarah, and though he did not exact them back, yet he bade Abraham *“go *his way” in displeasure. More generously, the Philistine gives presents on restoring Sarah, and grants her husband permission to dwell in his land wherever it pleased him. He also acknowledges thereby that he had done Abraham a wrong.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-18** We often trouble ourselves, and even are led into temptation and sin, by groundless suspicions; and find the fear of God where we expected it not. Agreements to deceive generally end in shame and sorrow; and restraints from sin, though by suffering, should be thankfully acknowledged. Though the Lord rebuke, yet he will pardon and deliver his people, and he will give them favou...
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And Abimelech said, Behold, my land is before thee: dwell where it pleaseth thee. where: Heb. as is good in thine eyes

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And Abimelech said, Behold, my land is before thee: dwell where it pleaseth thee....</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise fulfillment.<br><b...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-18** We often trouble ourselves, and even are led into temptation and sin, by groundless suspicions; and find the fear of God where we expected it not. Agreements to deceive generally end in shame and sorrow; and restraints from sin, though by suffering, should be thankfully acknowledged. Though the Lord rebuke, yet he will pardon and deliver his people, and he will give them favou...
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And unto Sarah he said, Behold, I have given thy brother a thousand pieces of silver: behold, he is to thee a covering of the eyes, unto all that are with thee, and with all other: thus she was reproved.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And unto Sarah he said, Behold, I have given thy brother a thousand pieces of silver: behold, he is ...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(16) **A thousand pieces of silver.**—Heb., *a thousand of silver. *This was the total value of Abimelech’s present, and not an additional gift. A thousand shekels would be about £125, a large sum at a time when silver was scarce and dear. **He is to thee a covering of the eyes.**—This speech of Abimelech is full of difficulty. It begins with a touch of irony in calling Abraham “thy brother.” Next...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-18** We often trouble ourselves, and even are led into temptation and sin, by groundless suspicions; and find the fear of God where we expected it not. Agreements to deceive generally end in shame and sorrow; and restraints from sin, though by suffering, should be thankfully acknowledged. Though the Lord rebuke, yet he will pardon and deliver his people, and he will give them favou...
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So Abraham prayed unto God: and God healed Abimelech, and his wife, and his maidservants; and they bare children.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>So Abraham prayed unto God: and God healed Abimelech, and his wife, and his maidservants; and they b...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(17) **Abraham prayed . . . —**As Abimelech had now made very liberal compensation, it became the duty of Abraham to intercede for him. The malady seems to have been one confined to Abimelech, as its object was to protect Sarah; but in some way it so affected the whole household as to produce general barrenness. **Maidservants.**—Not the word rendered *women-servants *in Genesis 20:14, but one spe...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-18** We often trouble ourselves, and even are led into temptation and sin, by groundless suspicions; and find the fear of God where we expected it not. Agreements to deceive generally end in shame and sorrow; and restraints from sin, though by suffering, should be thankfully acknowledged. Though the Lord rebuke, yet he will pardon and deliver his people, and he will give them favou...
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For the LORD had fast closed up all the wombs of the house of Abimelech, because of Sarah Abraham's wife.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>For the LORD had fast closed up all the wombs of the house of Abimelech, because of Sarah Abraham's ...</strong> This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 14-18** We often trouble ourselves, and even are led into temptation and sin, by groundless suspicions; and find the fear of God where we expected it not. Agreements to deceive generally end in shame and sorrow; and restraints from sin, though by suffering, should be thankfully acknowledged. Though the Lord rebuke, yet he will pardon and deliver his people, and he will give them favou...
Read full commentary →

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