King James Version

What Does Zechariah 4:14 Mean?

Zechariah 4:14 in the King James Version says “Then said he, These are the two anointed ones, that stand by the Lord of the whole earth. anointed: Heb. sons of oil — study this verse from Zechariah chapter 4 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Then said he, These are the two anointed ones, that stand by the Lord of the whole earth. anointed: Heb. sons of oil

Zechariah 4:14 · KJV


Context

12

And I answered again, and said unto him, What be these two olive branches which through the two golden pipes empty the golden oil out of themselves? through: Heb. by the hand empty: or, empty out of themselves oil into the gold the golden oil: Heb. the gold

13

And he answered me and said, Knowest thou not what these be? And I said, No, my lord.

14

Then said he, These are the two anointed ones, that stand by the Lord of the whole earth. anointed: Heb. sons of oil


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Then said he, These are the two anointed ones, that stand by the Lord of the whole earth—The angel's answer identifies the olive trees as shənē bənē-hayyitshar (שְׁנֵי בְנֵי־הַיִּצְהָר, 'two sons of fresh/new oil'), literally 'sons of the oil/anointing'—those who continuously receive and dispense anointing. The term points to Joshua the high priest and Zerubbabel the governor, both anointed for their respective offices (priests were anointed, Exodus 29:7; Davidic kings were anointed, 1 Samuel 16:13). Together they represent the dual messianic offices—priest and king—united perfectly in Christ.

That stand by the Lord of the whole earthHā'ōməḏīm 'al-'ădōn kol-hā'āretz (הָעֹמְדִים עַל־אֲדוֹן כָּל־הָאָרֶץ) depicts them standing in service before 'the Lord of the whole earth'—not just Israel's God but sovereign over all nations. The 'standing' ('ōməḏīm) posture indicates readiness for service, like ministers awaiting commands (compare the angels standing before God, 3:7). This previews Messiah who 'stands at God's right hand' (Psalm 110:1; Acts 7:55-56) having accomplished redemption, now exercising priestly intercession (Hebrews 7:25) and royal rule. Revelation 11:4 applies this imagery to the 'two witnesses' martyred then resurrected, testifying during tribulation. The principle: God empowers anointed servants who stand before Him to supply life-giving oil to His lampstand people.

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Historical & Cultural Context

In 520 BC, Joshua and Zerubbabel jointly led the restoration—Joshua rebuilding worship, Zerubbabel rebuilding infrastructure. Neither alone could accomplish God's purposes; both together, anointed and empowered by the Spirit, supplied what Israel needed. This dual leadership foreshadowed Christ who unites both offices—our great High Priest and King of Kings—and who anoints us as 'a royal priesthood' (1 Peter 2:9).

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the dual anointing (priestly and royal) in Joshua and Zerubbabel preview Christ's unique office?
  2. What does 'standing by the Lord of the whole earth' teach about the source and accountability of spiritual authority?
  3. In what ways do Spirit-anointed leaders today serve as 'golden pipes' dispensing oil to God's lampstand church?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 10 words
וַיֹּ֕אמֶר1 of 10

Then said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

אֵ֖לֶּה2 of 10
H428

these or those

שְׁנֵ֣י3 of 10

he These are the two

H8147

two; also (as ordinal) twofold

בְנֵֽי4 of 10

ones

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

הַיִּצְהָ֑ר5 of 10

anointed

H3323

oil (as producing light); figuratively, anointing

הָעֹמְדִ֖ים6 of 10

that stand

H5975

to stand, in various relations (literal and figurative, intransitive and transitive)

עַל7 of 10
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

אֲד֥וֹן8 of 10

by the Lord

H113

sovereign, i.e., controller (human or divine)

כָּל9 of 10
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הָאָֽרֶץ׃10 of 10

of the whole earth

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Zechariah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Zechariah 4:14 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Zechariah 4:14 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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