King James Version

What Does Song of Solomon 6:8 Mean?

Song of Solomon 6:8 in the King James Version says “There are threescore queens, and fourscore concubines, and virgins without number. — study this verse from Song of Solomon chapter 6 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

There are threescore queens, and fourscore concubines, and virgins without number.

Song of Solomon 6:8 · KJV


Context

6

Thy teeth are as a flock of sheep which go up from the washing, whereof every one beareth twins, and there is not one barren among them.

7

As a piece of a pomegranate are thy temples within thy locks.

8

There are threescore queens, and fourscore concubines, and virgins without number.

9

My dove, my undefiled is but one; she is the only one of her mother, she is the choice one of her that bare her. The daughters saw her, and blessed her; yea, the queens and the concubines, and they praised her.

10

Who is she that looketh forth as the morning, fair as the moon, clear as the sun, and terrible as an army with banners?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
There are threescore queens, and fourscore concubines, and virgins without number—the bridegroom contrasts the multitude of potential lovers (sixty queens, eighty concubines, countless virgins—categories of women in a royal harem) with his exclusive choice. The numbers (60, 80, innumerable) suggest abundance and possibility. In Solomon's actual life, he eventually had 700 wives and 300 concubines (1 Kings 11:3), but this poetic statement makes a point about exclusive choice amid many options.

The verse sets up the declaration in verse 9—despite all these possibilities, the bridegroom chooses only one. This celebrates the exclusivity and preciousness of covenant love. God could have chosen any nation, but He chose Israel (Deuteronomy 7:6-8). Christ could have countless followers, but He loves each believer with unique, particular affection. The imagery rejects polygamy and harem culture, affirming monogamous covenant as God's design. Love's value comes not from scarcity of options but from deliberate, exclusive choice.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern kings often maintained large harems as displays of wealth, power, and political alliance (foreign wives sealed treaties). Solomon's eventual 700 wives and 300 concubines (1 Kings 11:1-3) led to spiritual disaster, as foreign wives brought idolatry. The Song's mention of multiple women serves to heighten the significance of choosing one beloved exclusively. This poetic hyperbole contrasts with the biblical pattern of monogamous marriage from Eden (Genesis 2:24) and God's exclusive covenant relationship with Israel. Church interpretation saw the queens and concubines as false religions or worldly attractions, while Christ chooses His one Church. The Reformation emphasized that God's electing love is particular—He doesn't love humanity generically but chooses specific individuals for salvation.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's exclusive choice of you—amid all possible options—increase your sense of being valued and loved?
  2. What 'queens, concubines, and virgins' (worldly alternatives to Christ) compete for your devotion, and how do you maintain exclusive loyalty?
  3. How does the biblical pattern of monogamous covenant challenge cultural patterns of non-committed relationships or 'keeping options open'?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
שִׁשִּׁ֥ים1 of 8

There are threescore

H8346

sixty

הֵ֙מָּה֙2 of 8
H1992

they (only used when emphatic)

מְּלָכ֔וֹת3 of 8

queens

H4436

a queen

וּשְׁמֹנִ֖ים4 of 8

and fourscore

H8084

eighty, also eightieth

פִּֽילַגְשִׁ֑ים5 of 8

concubines

H6370

a concubine; also (masculine) a paramour

וַעֲלָמ֖וֹת6 of 8

and virgins

H5959

a lass (as veiled or private)

אֵ֥ין7 of 8
H369

a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle

מִסְפָּֽר׃8 of 8

without number

H4557

a number, definite (arithmetical) or indefinite (large, innumerable; small, a few); also (abstractly) narration


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Song of Solomon. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Song of Solomon 6:8 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Song of Solomon 6:8 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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