King James Version

What Does Romans 9:7 Mean?

Romans 9:7 in the King James Version says “Neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children: but, In Isaac shall thy seed be called. — study this verse from Romans chapter 9 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children: but, In Isaac shall thy seed be called.

Romans 9:7 · KJV


Context

5

Whose are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen.

6

Not as though the word of God hath taken none effect. For they are not all Israel, which are of Israel:

7

Neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children: but, In Isaac shall thy seed be called.

8

That is, They which are the children of the flesh, these are not the children of God: but the children of the promise are counted for the seed.

9

For this is the word of promise, At this time will I come, and Sarah shall have a son.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Neither, because they are the seed of Abraham, are they all children—being sperma (σπέρμα, 'seed') doesn't make one tekna (τέκνα, 'children'). Biological descent ≠ covenant membership. Paul quotes Genesis 21:12: In Isaac shall thy seed be called (en Isaak klēthēsetai soi sperma, ἐν Ἰσαὰκ κληθήσεται σοι σπέρμα). God chose Isaac over Ishmael, though Abraham fathered both. The verb kaleō (καλέω, 'to call') introduces the theme of divine calling/election that dominates this chapter.

The choice wasn't based on Isaac's merit—he wasn't yet born when God made the promise (Genesis 17:19). Nor was it arbitrary cruelty—God's purposes in history required a specific lineage for Messiah. Election serves redemptive purposes, not divine whim. Ishmael received promises too (Genesis 17:20), but Isaac bore the covenant line. God's sovereignty operates in history to accomplish salvation.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Genesis 16-21 records the Ishmael/Isaac narrative. Abraham attempted to fulfill God's promise through Hagar (human effort), but God insisted on Sarah (divine provision). This typologically contrasts works-righteousness vs. faith—a point Paul develops in Galatians 4:21-31.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's choice of Isaac over Ishmael illustrate grace rather than human merit?
  2. What 'Ishmaels' (self-produced religious efforts) do we present to God instead of trusting his promised 'Isaac'?
  3. How does divine election in history serve God's redemptive purposes rather than arbitrary preference?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 13 words
οὐδ᾽1 of 13

Neither

G3761

not however, i.e., neither, nor, not even

ὅτι2 of 13

because

G3754

demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because

εἰσὶν3 of 13

they are

G1526

they are

σπέρμα4 of 13

seed

G4690

something sown, i.e., seed (including the male "sperm"); by implication, offspring; specially, a remnant (figuratively, as if kept over for planting)

Ἀβραάμ5 of 13

of Abraham

G11

abraham, the hebrew patriarch

πάντες6 of 13

are they all

G3956

all, any, every, the whole

τέκνα7 of 13

children

G5043

a child (as produced)

ἀλλ'8 of 13

but

G235

properly, other things, i.e., (adverbially) contrariwise (in many relations)

Ἐν9 of 13

In

G1722

"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc

Ἰσαὰκ10 of 13

Isaac

G2464

isaac (i.e., jitschak), the son of abraham

κληθήσεταί11 of 13

be called

G2564

to "call" (properly, aloud, but used in a variety of applications, directly or otherwise)

σοι12 of 13

thy

G4671

to thee

σπέρμα13 of 13

seed

G4690

something sown, i.e., seed (including the male "sperm"); by implication, offspring; specially, a remnant (figuratively, as if kept over for planting)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Romans. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Romans 9:7 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Romans 9:7 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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