King James Version

What Does Romans 1:30 Mean?

Romans 1:30 in the King James Version says “Backbiters, haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents, — study this verse from Romans chapter 1 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Backbiters, haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents,

Romans 1:30 · KJV


Context

28

And even as they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not convenient; to retain: or, to acknowledge a reprobate: or, a mind void of judgment or, an unapproving mind

29

Being filled with all unrighteousness, fornication, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, debate, deceit, malignity; whisperers,

30

Backbiters, haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents,

31

Without understanding, covenantbreakers, without natural affection, implacable, unmerciful: without natural: or unsociable

32

Who knowing the judgment of God, that they which commit such things are worthy of death, not only do the same, but have pleasure in them that do them. have: or, consent with


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Backbiters, haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents,

The vice list continues: katalalous theostygeis hubristās hyperēphanous alazonas (καταλάλους θεοστυγεῖς ὑβριστὰς ὑπερηφάνους ἀλαζόνας, 'backbiters, haters of God, insolent, arrogant, boastful'). Katalalous (κατάλαλος, backbiters/slanderers) are public detractors, contrasting with whisperers (v. 29). Theostygeis (θεοστυγεῖς, haters of God) is the culmination—active hostility toward God, not mere indifference. Hubristās (ὑβριστής, insolent/violent) describes arrogant brutality. Hyperēphanous (ὑπερήφανος, arrogant/haughty) is pride, exalting self above others and God. Alazonas (ἀλαζών, boasters/braggarts) are self-promoters.

Paul adds: epheuretās kakōn goneusin apeitheis (ἐφευρετὰς κακῶν γονεῦσιν ἀπειθεῖς, 'inventors of evil, disobedient to parents'). Epheuretās kakōn (ἐφευρετής κακῶν, inventors of evil) describes creative wickedness, devising new sins. Goneusin apeitheis (γονεῦσιν ἀπειθεῖς, disobedient to parents) violates the fifth commandment (Exodus 20:12), foundational to social order. Rebellion against parental authority reflects rebellion against God's authority. Cultures that lose respect for parents lose moral cohesion.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Roman culture valued pietas (duty to family and state), yet hypocrisy abounded—public virtue masked private vice. Emperors claimed divinity yet murdered rivals and family members. Philosophers taught virtue yet practiced vice. Jewish readers would recognize these vices as characterizing Gentile paganism, only to be confronted in chapter 2 with Jewish hypocrisy. Paul's point: all humanity is culpable before God, needing the righteousness that comes by faith.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does 'hating God' (θεοστυγής) manifest in culture—is it overt atheism or subtle autonomy and indifference?
  2. What does it mean to be 'inventors of evil' (ἐφευρετής κακῶν) in an age of technology, media, and moral innovation?
  3. How does disobedience to parents (γονεῦσιν ἀπειθής) in youth lead to broader societal breakdown and disorder?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 9 words
καταλάλους1 of 9

Backbiters

G2637

talkative against, i.e., a slanderer

θεοστυγεῖς2 of 9

haters of God

G2319

hateful to god, i.e., impious

ὑβριστάς3 of 9

despiteful

G5197

an insulter, i.e., maltreater

ὑπερηφάνους4 of 9

proud

G5244

appearing above others (conspicuous), i.e., (figuratively) haughty

ἀλαζόνας5 of 9

boasters

G213

braggart

ἐφευρετὰς6 of 9

inventors

G2182

a discoverer, i.e., contriver

κακῶν7 of 9

of evil things

G2556

worthless (intrinsically, such; whereas g4190 properly refers to effects), i.e., (subjectively) depraved, or (objectively) injurious

γονεῦσιν8 of 9

to parents

G1118

a parent

ἀπειθεῖς9 of 9

disobedient

G545

unpersuadable, i.e., contumacious


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Romans. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Romans 1:30 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Romans 1:30 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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