King James Version

What Does Psalms 79:6 Mean?

Psalms 79:6 in the King James Version says “Pour out thy wrath upon the heathen that have not known thee, and upon the kingdoms that have not called upon thy name. — study this verse from Psalms chapter 79 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Pour out thy wrath upon the heathen that have not known thee, and upon the kingdoms that have not called upon thy name.

Psalms 79:6 · KJV


Context

4

We are become a reproach to our neighbours, a scorn and derision to them that are round about us.

5

How long, LORD? wilt thou be angry for ever? shall thy jealousy burn like fire?

6

Pour out thy wrath upon the heathen that have not known thee, and upon the kingdoms that have not called upon thy name.

7

For they have devoured Jacob, and laid waste his dwelling place.

8

O remember not against us former iniquities: let thy tender mercies speedily prevent us: for we are brought very low. former: or, the iniquities of them that were before us


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Pour out thy wrath upon the heathen that have not known thee, and upon the kingdoms that have not called upon thy name. This imprecatory prayer requests divine judgment redirect from Israel to pagan nations. The imperative "pour out" (shefokh, שְׁפֹךְ) deliberately echoes verse 3's language of blood being "poured out" like water. The psalmist asks God to pour His wrath as abundantly as enemies poured Israelite blood—a plea for proportional justice.

The phrase "that have not known thee" (lo yeda'ukha, לֹא יְדָעוּךָ) identifies the theological difference: Israel's sin is covenant violation by those who know God, while the nations' sin is covenant ignorance combined with arrogant violence against God's people. "Known" uses yada (יָדַע), indicating relational knowledge, not mere awareness. The nations haven't experienced covenant relationship with Yahweh and therefore attacked His people without fear of consequences.

"Kingdoms that have not called upon thy name" (al-shemekha lo qara'u, עַל־שִׁמְךָ לֹא קָרָאוּ) emphasizes that these empires worship false gods while simultaneously desecrating Yahweh's name through violence against His people. The request isn't personal revenge but theological justice: vindicate Your name, demonstrate that You defend those who belong to You, and prove that attacking Your people incurs divine wrath. This anticipates Romans 12:19's principle: vengeance belongs to God, not human agents.

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Historical & Cultural Context

This prayer reflects ancient Israel's understanding of divine justice in international relations. Surrounding nations—Babylon, Edom, Moab—celebrated Jerusalem's destruction (Psalm 137:7; Obadiah 1:10-14). These nations worshiped pagan deities and viewed Israel's defeat as religious triumph. The psalmist appeals to God to vindicate His reputation by judging those who mocked Him through attacking His people. Prophetic books (Isaiah 13-23; Jeremiah 46-51) contain extensive oracles against nations, demonstrating this expectation of divine justice.

Reflection Questions

  1. How should Christians today pray regarding violent persecution of believers by hostile regimes and terrorist groups?
  2. What is the difference between praying for justice (like this psalm) and harboring personal revenge in the heart?
  3. How does Jesus's command to love enemies and pray for persecutors relate to imprecatory psalms that pray for judgment on enemies?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
שְׁפֹ֤ךְ1 of 13

Pour out

H8210

to spill forth (blood, a libation, liquid metal; or even a solid, i.e., to mound up); also (figuratively) to expend (life, soul, complaint, money, etc

חֲמָתְךָ֙2 of 13

thy wrath

H2534

heat; figuratively, anger, poison (from its fever)

אֶֽל3 of 13
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

הַגּוֹיִם֮4 of 13

upon the heathen

H1471

a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts

אֲשֶׁ֪ר5 of 13
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

לֹא6 of 13
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יְדָ֫ע֥וּךָ7 of 13

that have not known

H3045

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

וְעַ֥ל8 of 13
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

מַמְלָכ֑וֹת9 of 13

thee and upon the kingdoms

H4467

dominion, i.e., (abstractly) the estate (rule) or (concretely) the country (realm)

אֲשֶׁ֥ר10 of 13
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

בְּ֝שִׁמְךָ֗11 of 13

upon thy name

H8034

an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character

לֹ֣א12 of 13
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

קָרָֽאוּ׃13 of 13

that have not called

H7121

to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Psalms. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Psalms 79:6 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Psalms 79:6 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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