King James Version

What Does Proverbs 22:7 Mean?

Proverbs 22:7 in the King James Version says “The rich ruleth over the poor, and the borrower is servant to the lender . the lender: Heb. the man that lendeth — study this verse from Proverbs chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The rich ruleth over the poor, and the borrower is servant to the lender . the lender: Heb. the man that lendeth

Proverbs 22:7 · King James Version


Context

5

Thorns and snares are in the way of the froward: he that doth keep his soul shall be far from them.

6

Train up a child in the way he should go: and when he is old, he will not depart from it. Train: or, Catechise in: Heb. in his way

7

The rich ruleth over the poor, and the borrower is servant to the lender . the lender: Heb. the man that lendeth

8

He that soweth iniquity shall reap vanity: and the rod of his anger shall fail. the rod: or, with the rod of his anger he shall be consumed

9

He that hath a bountiful eye shall be blessed; for he giveth of his bread to the poor. He that: Heb. Good of eye


Commentaries2 scholars

KJV Study CommentaryPublic Domain
The rich 'ruleth over the poor,' and the 'borrower is servant to the lender.' These are observational statements about economic reality. Debt creates obligation and servitude. While not explicitly condemning lending or borrowing, this proverb warns of debt's relational consequences. Reformed theology values economic freedom as aspect of Christian liberty. Debt reduces freedom and creates dependency. This counsels caution in borrowing and encourages contentment with what we have rather than enslaving ourselves through debt.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Debt slavery was common in ancient economies. Those unable to repay debts could be forced into servitude (2 Kings 4:1). This proverb's warning reflected harsh economic realities of the ancient world.

Reflection Questions

  1. Are you in financial bondage to lenders? How does debt limit your freedom to serve God?
  2. What changes in lifestyle or spending might be necessary to avoid or escape debt's servitude?
  3. How does this proverb inform Christian perspectives on consumer debt and financial stewardship?

Compare 2 commentaries from different scholars and time periods for a richer understanding.


Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
עָ֭שִׁיר1 of 7

The rich

H6223

rich, whether literal or figurative (noble)

בְּרָשִׁ֣ים2 of 7

over the poor

H7326

to be destitute

יִמְשׁ֑וֹל3 of 7

ruleth

H4910

to rule

וְעֶ֥בֶד4 of 7

is servant

H5650

a servant

מַלְוֶֽה׃5 of 7

and the borrower

H3867

properly, to twine; also to borrow (as a form of obligation) or (causative) to lend

לְאִ֣ישׁ6 of 7

to the lender

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

מַלְוֶֽה׃7 of 7

and the borrower

H3867

properly, to twine; also to borrow (as a form of obligation) or (causative) to lend


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Proverbs. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Proverbs 22:7 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Proverbs 22:7 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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