King James Version

What Does Matthew 18:25 Mean?

Matthew 18:25 in the King James Version says “But forasmuch as he had not to pay, his lord commanded him to be sold, and his wife, and children, and all that he had, ... — study this verse from Matthew chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

But forasmuch as he had not to pay, his lord commanded him to be sold, and his wife, and children, and all that he had, and payment to be made.

Matthew 18:25 · KJV


Context

23

Therefore is the kingdom of heaven likened unto a certain king, which would take account of his servants.

24

And when he had begun to reckon, one was brought unto him, which owed him ten thousand talents. talents: a talent is 750.ounces of silver, which after five shillings the ounce is 187.li. 10.s.

25

But forasmuch as he had not to pay, his lord commanded him to be sold, and his wife, and children, and all that he had, and payment to be made.

26

The servant therefore fell down, and worshipped him, saying, Lord, have patience with me, and I will pay thee all. worshipped him: or, besought him

27

Then the lord of that servant was moved with compassion, and loosed him, and forgave him the debt.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
His lord commanded him to be sold, and his wife, and children, and all that he had—Mosaic Law permitted debt slavery (Lev 25:39-46; Deut 15:12-18) with protections: Hebrew servants released in seven years, families protected. This parable depicts harsher Greco-Roman practice where entire households faced permanent bondage. The Greek prathēnai (πραθῆναι, 'to be sold') indicates sale into slavery for debt satisfaction.

Payment to be made (ἀποδοθῆναι, apodothēnai)—yet selling the entire family would yield perhaps 2-3 talents maximum, leaving 9,997+ talents unpaid. This highlights the unpayable nature of sin's debt: even our total forfeiture cannot satisfy divine justice. The household's sale represents the comprehensive destruction sin brings—affecting not only the sinner but all connected relationships.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Roman law (c. 1st century AD) permitted creditors to seize debtors and their families. Unlike Hebrew debt-servitude (maximum seven years), Greco-Roman slavery was typically permanent. A healthy adult male slave sold for 500-2,000 denarii, a woman or child considerably less. The math of this parable deliberately shows the inadequacy of such 'payment.'

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the futility of selling the family (gaining ≈2 talents against 10,000 owed) demonstrate the inadequacy of human works for salvation?
  2. What does the threat to wife and children reveal about sin's collateral damage to those around us?
  3. How should understanding your unpayable debt shape your view of Christ's atoning sacrifice?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 24 words
μὴ1 of 24

not

G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

εἶχεν,2 of 24

he had

G2192

to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio

δὲ3 of 24

But forasmuch as

G1161

but, and, etc

αὐτοῦ4 of 24

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἀποδοθῆναι5 of 24

payment to be made

G591

to give away, i.e., up, over, back, etc. (in various applications)

ἐκέλευσεν6 of 24

commanded

G2753

"hail"; to incite by word, i.e., order

αὐτοῦ7 of 24

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

8 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

κύριος9 of 24

lord

G2962

supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)

αὐτοῦ10 of 24

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

πραθῆναι11 of 24

to be sold

G4097

from the base of g4008); to traffic (by travelling), i.e., dispose of as merchandise or into slavery (literally or figuratively)

καὶ12 of 24

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τὴν13 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

γυναῖκα14 of 24

wife

G1135

a woman; specially, a wife

αὐτοῦ15 of 24

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

καὶ16 of 24

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τὰ17 of 24
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

τέκνα18 of 24

children

G5043

a child (as produced)

καὶ19 of 24

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

πάντα20 of 24

all

G3956

all, any, every, the whole

ὅσα21 of 24

that

G3745

as (much, great, long, etc.) as

εἶχεν,22 of 24

he had

G2192

to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio

καὶ23 of 24

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ἀποδοθῆναι24 of 24

payment to be made

G591

to give away, i.e., up, over, back, etc. (in various applications)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 18:25 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 18:25 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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