King James Version

What Does Proverbs 21:20 Mean?

Proverbs 21:20 in the King James Version says “There is treasure to be desired and oil in the dwelling of the wise; but a foolish man spendeth it up. — study this verse from Proverbs chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

There is treasure to be desired and oil in the dwelling of the wise; but a foolish man spendeth it up.

Proverbs 21:20 · KJV


Context

18

The wicked shall be a ransom for the righteous, and the transgressor for the upright.

19

It is better to dwell in the wilderness , than with a contentious and an angry woman. in: Heb. in the land of the desert

20

There is treasure to be desired and oil in the dwelling of the wise; but a foolish man spendeth it up.

21

He that followeth after righteousness and mercy findeth life, righteousness, and honour.

22

A wise man scaleth the city of the mighty, and casteth down the strength of the confidence thereof.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The wise person's household contains 'treasure and oil'—stored wealth and abundance from diligent work and prudent management. By contrast, the 'foolish man spendeth it up'—squandering resources through imprudence, self-indulgence, or laziness. Wisdom produces prosperity through hard work, planning, and frugality; folly produces poverty through waste and improvidence. This isn't promising wealth to all wise people but affirming general principles: disciplined stewardship usually produces abundance, while foolishness leads to want. The wise save for future needs; fools consume everything immediately. This economic wisdom reflects spiritual principles: stewarding God's gifts faithfully honors Him, while wastefulness despises His provision.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Storing oil, grain, and other provisions was essential in agrarian societies subject to crop failures and seasonal variations. Wise households maintained reserves; foolish ones lived hand-to-mouth.

Reflection Questions

  1. Are you managing resources wisely with provision for the future, or living hand-to-mouth?
  2. What specific areas of spending reveal foolishness that you need to address?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
אוֹצָ֤ר׀1 of 8

There is treasure

H214

a depository

נֶחְמָ֣ד2 of 8

to be desired

H2530

to delight in

וָ֭שֶׁמֶן3 of 8

and oil

H8081

grease, especially liquid (as from the olive, often perfumed); figuratively, richness

בִּנְוֵ֣ה4 of 8

in the dwelling

H5116

(adjectively) at home; hence (by implication of satisfaction) lovely; also (noun) a home, of god (temple), men (residence), flocks (pasture), or wild

חָכָ֑ם5 of 8

of the wise

H2450

wise, (i.e., intelligent, skilful or artful)

וּכְסִ֖יל6 of 8

but a foolish

H3684

properly, fat, i.e., (figuratively) stupid or silly

אָדָ֣ם7 of 8

man

H120

ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)

יְבַלְּעֶֽנּוּ׃8 of 8

spendeth it up

H1104

to make away with (specifically by swallowing); generally, to destroy


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Proverbs. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Proverbs 21:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Proverbs 21:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study