King James Version

What Does Numbers 31:27 Mean?

Numbers 31:27 in the King James Version says “And divide the prey into two parts; between them that took the war upon them, who went out to battle, and between all th... — study this verse from Numbers chapter 31 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And divide the prey into two parts; between them that took the war upon them, who went out to battle, and between all the congregation:

Numbers 31:27 · KJV


Context

25

And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

26

Take the sum of the prey that was taken, both of man and of beast, thou, and Eleazar the priest, and the chief fathers of the congregation: that: Heb. of the captivity

27

And divide the prey into two parts; between them that took the war upon them, who went out to battle, and between all the congregation:

28

And levy a tribute unto the LORD of the men of war which went out to battle: one soul of five hundred, both of the persons, and of the beeves, and of the asses, and of the sheep:

29

Take it of their half, and give it unto Eleazar the priest, for an heave offering of the LORD.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And divide the prey into two parts; between them that took the war upon them...and between all the congregation—The Hebrew chatsah (divide) creates 50-50 split between combatants (12,000 men, 31:5) and non-combatants (approximately 600,000+ total population). Soldiers risked death; community supported them with prayer, logistics, families.

This radical redistribution prevents military elitism. Soldiers don't become a privileged warrior class; Israel remains a covenant community where all share God's blessings. Paul echoes this: 'He that goeth to battle, and he that tarrieth by the baggage—they shall share alike' (1 Sam 30:24), applied to ministry support (1 Cor 9:7-14). Service takes different forms; reward is communal.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient Near Eastern custom gave warriors full rights to plunder. David later reinforced this Mosaic principle after defeating Amalekites (1 Samuel 30:21-25), establishing it as 'statute and ordinance' in Israel. This countered the warrior-aristocracy common in surrounding nations.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this 50-50 division challenge societies that excessively reward certain professions over others?
  2. What would equitable 'spoils sharing' look like in churches where some serve publicly and others behind the scenes?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
וְחָצִ֙יתָ֙1 of 11

And divide

H2673

to cut or split in two; to halve

אֶת2 of 11
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַמַּלְק֔וֹחַ3 of 11

the prey

H4455

transitively (in dual) the jaws (as taking food)

בֵּ֚ין4 of 11
H996

between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or

תֹּֽפְשֵׂ֣י5 of 11

between them that took

H8610

to manipulate, i.e., seize; chiefly to capture, wield, specifically, to overlay; figuratively, to use unwarrantably

הַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה6 of 11

the war

H4421

a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)

הַיֹּֽצְאִ֖ים7 of 11

upon them who went out

H3318

to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim

לַצָּבָ֑א8 of 11

to battle

H6635

a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (speci

וּבֵ֖ין9 of 11
H996

between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or

כָּל10 of 11
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הָֽעֵדָֽה׃11 of 11

and between all the congregation

H5712

a stated assemblage (specifically, a concourse, or generally, a family or crowd)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 31:27 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Numbers 31:27 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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