King James Version

What Does Numbers 25:16 Mean?

Numbers 25:16 in the King James Version says “And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying, — study this verse from Numbers chapter 25 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

Numbers 25:16 · KJV


Context

14

Now the name of the Israelite that was slain, even that was slain with the Midianitish woman, was Zimri, the son of Salu, a prince of a chief house among the Simeonites. chief: Heb. house of a father

15

And the name of the Midianitish woman that was slain was Cozbi, the daughter of Zur; he was head over a people, and of a chief house in Midian.

16

And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

17

Vex the Midianites, and smite them:

18

For they vex you with their wiles, wherewith they have beguiled you in the matter of Peor, and in the matter of Cozbi, the daughter of a prince of Midian, their sister, which was slain in the day of the plague for Peor's sake.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
God's command 'Vex the Midianites, and smite them' inaugurates holy war against those who attempted to corrupt Israel. The Hebrew tsarar (vex/harass) and nakah (smite/strike) indicate aggressive warfare. This command shows that mercy toward corrupters of God's people is not virtue but disobedience. The command links directly to Midian's spiritual warfare strategy (verse 18): 'they vex you with their wiles, wherewith they have beguiled you in the matter of Peor.' Enemies who use sexual and spiritual seduction to destroy God's people must be destroyed themselves.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The command to smite Midian was executed in Numbers 31, resulting in the death of Midianite males and the five kings including Zur. Balaam died in that campaign (31:8), revealing his ongoing involvement in the corruption scheme. The severity of judgment against Midian warns that those who cause God's people to stumble face fierce retribution. Jesus later echoed this principle regarding those who cause little ones to sin (Matthew 18:6).

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's defense of His people require judgment on their corrupters?
  2. When is aggressive spiritual warfare appropriate versus patient endurance?
  3. What does divine vengeance against those who lead God's people astray teach about His protective love?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 5 words
וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר1 of 5

spake

H1696

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

יְהוָ֖ה2 of 5

And the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֶל3 of 5
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

מֹשֶׁ֥ה4 of 5

unto Moses

H4872

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

לֵּאמֹֽר׃5 of 5

saying

H559

to say (used with great latitude)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Numbers. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Numbers 25:16 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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