King James Version

What Does Matthew 5:40 Mean?

Matthew 5:40 in the King James Version says “And if any man will sue thee at the law, and take away thy coat, let him have thy cloke also. — study this verse from Matthew chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And if any man will sue thee at the law, and take away thy coat, let him have thy cloke also.

Matthew 5:40 · KJV


Context

38

Ye have heard that it hath been said, An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth:

39

But I say unto you, That ye resist not evil: but whosoever shall smite thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the other also.

40

And if any man will sue thee at the law, and take away thy coat, let him have thy cloke also.

41

And whosoever shall compel thee to go a mile, go with him twain.

42

Give to him that asketh thee, and from him that would borrow of thee turn not thou away.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Roman law allowed soldiers to compel civilians to carry their pack for one mile. Jesus says go two—exceed the legal requirement. This transforms an imposed burden into voluntary service, converting forced labor into free grace, and disarming hostility through unexpected generosity.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Roman soldiers could legally compel provincials to carry military equipment for one mile (the practice that forced Simon to carry Jesus's cross). This was resented oppression. Jesus's followers were to shock Romans by voluntarily doubling the requirement, witnessing to different kingdom values.

Reflection Questions

  1. When has someone's excessive generosity beyond requirement surprised and impacted you?
  2. How can you turn imposed obligations or inconveniences into opportunities for gospel witness?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 15 words
καὶ1 of 15

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τῷ2 of 15
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

θέλοντί3 of 15

if any man will

G2309

to determine (as an active option from subjective impulse; whereas g1014 properly denotes rather a passive acquiescence in objective considerations),

σοι4 of 15

thee

G4671

to thee

κριθῆναι5 of 15

at the law

G2919

by implication, to try, condemn, punish

καὶ6 of 15

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τὸν7 of 15
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

χιτῶνά8 of 15

coat

G5509

a tunic or shirt

σου9 of 15

thy

G4675

of thee, thy

λαβεῖν10 of 15

take away

G2983

while g0138 is more violent, to seize or remove))

ἄφες11 of 15

have

G863

to send forth, in various applications (as follow)

αὐτῷ12 of 15

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

καὶ13 of 15

And

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

τὸ14 of 15
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἱμάτιον·15 of 15

thy cloke

G2440

a dress (inner or outer)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Matthew. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Matthew 5:40 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Matthew 5:40 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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