King James Version

What Does Luke 2:47 Mean?

Luke 2:47 in the King James Version says “And all that heard him were astonished at his understanding and answers. — study this verse from Luke chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

And all that heard him were astonished at his understanding and answers.

Luke 2:47 · KJV


Context

45

And when they found him not, they turned back again to Jerusalem, seeking him.

46

And it came to pass, that after three days they found him in the temple, sitting in the midst of the doctors, both hearing them, and asking them questions.

47

And all that heard him were astonished at his understanding and answers.

48

And when they saw him, they were amazed: and his mother said unto him, Son, why hast thou thus dealt with us? behold, thy father and I have sought thee sorrowing.

49

And he said unto them, How is it that ye sought me? wist ye not that I must be about my Father's business?


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
All who heard Jesus 'were astonished at his understanding and answers.' The Greek 'existanto' (ἐξίσταντο) indicates they were amazed, overwhelmed, put out of their senses. Despite His young age, Jesus demonstrated wisdom that astonished learned scholars. This supernatural understanding fulfills Isaiah 11:2's prophecy that Messiah would be filled with the Spirit of wisdom and understanding. Jesus' questions and answers revealed not just knowledge but penetrating insight into Scripture's meaning. His wisdom was divine, not merely the product of natural brilliance.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Rabbinic education emphasized memorization, careful reasoning, and dialectic questioning. Students advanced through mastering texts and demonstrating understanding through insightful questions and answers. That a twelve-year-old from Nazareth—not from Jerusalem's rabbinic schools—could astonish the temple's finest teachers was unprecedented. This incident foreshadows the Sanhedrin's later amazement that Jesus taught with authority without having studied under recognized rabbis (John 7:15). His wisdom came from God, not human instruction.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Jesus' supernatural wisdom at age 12 point to His unique identity as God incarnate?
  2. What does this account teach about the relationship between divine gift and human development in Jesus' life?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 13 words
ἐξίσταντο1 of 13

were astonished

G1839

to put (stand) out of wits, i.e., astound, or (reflexively) become astounded, insane

δὲ2 of 13

And

G1161

but, and, etc

πάντες3 of 13

all

G3956

all, any, every, the whole

οἱ4 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀκούοντες5 of 13

that heard

G191

to hear (in various senses)

αὐτοῦ6 of 13

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons

ἐπὶ7 of 13

at

G1909

properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re

τῇ8 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

συνέσει9 of 13

understanding

G4907

a mental putting together, i.e., intelligence or (concretely) the intellect

καὶ10 of 13

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

ταῖς11 of 13
G3588

the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)

ἀποκρίσεσιν12 of 13

answers

G612

a response

αὐτοῦ13 of 13

him

G846

the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Luke. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Luke 2:47 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Luke 2:47 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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