King James Version

What Does Joshua 21:13 Mean?

Joshua 21:13 in the King James Version says “Thus they gave to the children of Aaron the priest Hebron with her suburbs, to be a city of refuge for the slayer; and L... — study this verse from Joshua chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Thus they gave to the children of Aaron the priest Hebron with her suburbs, to be a city of refuge for the slayer; and Libnah with her suburbs,

Joshua 21:13 · KJV


Context

11

And they gave them the city of Arba the father of Anak, which city is Hebron, in the hill country of Judah, with the suburbs thereof round about it. the city: or, Kirjatharba

12

But the fields of the city, and the villages thereof, gave they to Caleb the son of Jephunneh for his possession.

13

Thus they gave to the children of Aaron the priest Hebron with her suburbs, to be a city of refuge for the slayer; and Libnah with her suburbs,

14

And Jattir with her suburbs, and Eshtemoa with her suburbs,

15

And Holon with her suburbs, and Debir with her suburbs,


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Thus they gave to the children of Aaron the priest Hebron with her suburbs, to be a city of refuge for the slayer (חֶבְרוֹן עִיר מִקְלָט הָרֹצֵחַ, Chevron ir miklat harotzeach)—The Aaronic priesthood received Hebron, one of six arei miklat (cities of refuge) where those guilty of manslaughter could flee from the blood avenger. Hebron held profound patriarchal significance as Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob's burial place (Genesis 23:19; 49:29-32). That the holiest priestly lineage received this most sacred ancestral site demonstrates divine intentionality.

Libnah with her suburbs (לִבְנָה וְאֶת־מִגְרָשֶׁהָ, Livnah ve'et-migrashehah)—The term migrash refers to open pastureland surrounding the city (Numbers 35:2-5), ensuring Levites had grazing land despite owning no territorial inheritance. This fulfilled God's specific provision: "the Levites shall have no part among you; for the priesthood of the LORD is their inheritance" (Joshua 18:7).

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Historical & Cultural Context

Hebron, located 19 miles south of Jerusalem at 3,040 feet elevation, was ancient Kiriath-arba (Joshua 14:15). Archaeological evidence shows continuous occupation from the Bronze Age. The Cave of Machpelah there remains sacred to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Libnah was a Canaanite royal city conquered in Joshua's southern campaign (Joshua 10:29-32), likely Tell Bornat or Tell es-Safi.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does Hebron's dual role as priestly city and city of refuge picture Christ as both our High Priest and refuge from judgment?
  2. What does the provision of pastureland (migrash) teach about God's care for those in full-time ministry?
  3. Why is it significant that the priests received cities rather than agricultural land like other tribes?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
וְלִבְנֵ֣י׀1 of 16

to the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

אַֽהֲרֹ֣ן2 of 16

of Aaron

H175

aharon, the brother of moses

הַכֹּהֵ֗ן3 of 16

the priest

H3548

literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)

נָֽתְנוּ֙4 of 16

Thus they gave

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

אֶת5 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

עִיר֙6 of 16

to be a city

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

מִקְלַ֣ט7 of 16

of refuge

H4733

an asylum (as a receptacle)

הָֽרֹצֵ֔חַ8 of 16

for the slayer

H7523

properly, to dash in pieces, i.e., kill (a human being), especially to murder

אֶת9 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

חֶבְר֖וֹן10 of 16

Hebron

H2275

chebron, the name of two israelites

וְאֶת11 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

מִגְרָשֶֽׁהָ׃12 of 16

with her suburbs

H4054

a suburb (i.e., open country whither flocks are driven from pasture); hence, the area around a building, or the margin of the sea

וְאֶת13 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

לִבְנָ֖ה14 of 16

and Libnah

H3841

libnah, a place in the desert and one in palestine

וְאֶת15 of 16
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

מִגְרָשֶֽׁהָ׃16 of 16

with her suburbs

H4054

a suburb (i.e., open country whither flocks are driven from pasture); hence, the area around a building, or the margin of the sea


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Joshua. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Joshua 21:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Joshua 21:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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