King James Version

What Does Joshua 15:54 Mean?

Joshua 15:54 in the King James Version says “And Humtah, and Kirjatharba, which is Hebron, and Zior; nine cities with their villages: — study this verse from Joshua chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Humtah, and Kirjatharba, which is Hebron, and Zior; nine cities with their villages:

Joshua 15:54 · KJV


Context

52

Arab, and Dumah, and Eshean,

53

And Janum, and Bethtappuah, and Aphekah, Janum: or, Janus

54

And Humtah, and Kirjatharba, which is Hebron, and Zior; nine cities with their villages:

55

Maon, Carmel, and Ziph, and Juttah,

56

And Jezreel, and Jokdeam, and Zanoah,


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And Humtah, and Kirjath-arba, which is Hebron, and Zior; nine cities with their villages—This verse lists cities in Judah's hill country. Hebron (Kirjath-arba) appears again, contextualizing Caleb's personal inheritance within Judah's broader tribal allotment. The systematic enumeration—"nine cities with their villages"—demonstrates meticulous record-keeping for legal and administrative purposes.

These geographical lists serve multiple functions: legal documentation of tribal boundaries, historical preservation of conquest achievements, and theological testimony to God's precise fulfillment of covenant promises. Every named city represented a specific fulfillment of the promise to Abraham that his descendants would possess Canaan (Genesis 15:18-21). The detailed precision reflects God's character—He is not vague in His promises but specific, verifiable, and faithful in every particular.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The cities listed here were in the central hill country of Judah, the heartland of the tribe. This mountainous region, while defensively strong, required terracing and water management for agriculture. The concentration of cities reflects relatively dense settlement in areas where natural springs provided reliable water sources. These became the core territory of the later kingdom of Judah.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the detailed enumeration of cities demonstrate God's precision in fulfilling promises?
  2. What does the inclusion of both 'cities' and 'villages' teach about God's concern for all levels of community?
  3. How might maintaining careful records of God's faithfulness strengthen faith in future generations?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
וְחֻמְטָ֗ה1 of 9

And Humtah

H2547

chumtah, a place in palestine

וְקִרְיַ֥ת2 of 9
H0
אַרְבַּ֛ע3 of 9

and Kirjatharba

H7153

kirjath-arba or kirjath-ha-arba, a place in palestine

הִ֥יא4 of 9
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

חֶבְר֖וֹן5 of 9

which is Hebron

H2275

chebron, the name of two israelites

וְצִיעֹ֑ר6 of 9

and Zior

H6730

tsior, a place in palestine

עָרִ֥ים7 of 9

cities

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

תֵּ֖שַׁע8 of 9

nine

H8672

nine or (ordinal) ninth

וְחַצְרֵיהֶֽן׃9 of 9

with their villages

H2691

a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Joshua. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Joshua 15:54 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Joshua 15:54 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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