King James Version

What Does Joshua 19:31 Mean?

Joshua 19:31 in the King James Version says “This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Asher according to their families, these cities with their villa... — study this verse from Joshua chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Asher according to their families, these cities with their villages.

Joshua 19:31 · KJV


Context

29

And then the coast turneth to Ramah, and to the strong city Tyre; and the coast turneth to Hosah; and the outgoings thereof are at the sea from the coast to Achzib: Tyre: Heb. Tzor

30

Ummah also, and Aphek, and Rehob: twenty and two cities with their villages.

31

This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Asher according to their families, these cities with their villages.

32

The sixth lot came out to the children of Naphtali, even for the children of Naphtali according to their families.

33

And their coast was from Heleph, from Allon to Zaanannim, and Adami, Nekeb, and Jabneel, unto Lakum; and the outgoings thereof were at Jordan:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
This is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Asher according to their families—The formula the inheritance (נַחֲלַת nachalat) according to their families (לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָם l'mishpechotam) appears throughout Joshua 13-19, emphasizing that land distribution followed family structure, not individual preference. Each mishpachah (clan, extended family) received portions within the tribal territory, ensuring that inheritance passed through generations. This system prevented land consolidation by the wealthy and maintained tribal identity.

Asher's inheritance fulfilled Jacob's blessing: "his bread shall be fat, and he shall yield royal dainties" (Genesis 49:20). The coastal region's fertility and trade access provided exactly the richness predicted. Yet Judges 1:31-32 reveals Asher failed to drive out Canaanites from key cities, living among them instead. The nachalah was perfect; Asher's possession was incomplete. This parallels the Christian life: our inheritance in Christ is complete (Ephesians 1:3), but our experiential possession requires ongoing faith and obedience. We must "work out" what God has "worked in" (Philippians 2:12-13).

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Historical & Cultural Context

Asher's tribal inheritance system, distributing land by families rather than individuals, created economic stability and prevented the landless poverty that plagued other ancient societies. The family-based allocation ensured that even if individuals failed, the clan structure preserved inheritance. This system continued until the Babylonian exile disrupted tribal territories.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the family-based inheritance system (nachalah according to mishpachot) inform Christian community structure and intergenerational faithfulness?
  2. What parallels exist between Asher receiving full inheritance but possessing it incompletely and Christians' positional versus experiential sanctification?
  3. How does Asher's failure to drive out Canaanites despite receiving perfect territory warn against blaming circumstances when incomplete obedience is the real issue?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 9 words
זֹ֗את1 of 9
H2063

this (often used adverb)

נַֽחֲלַ֛ת2 of 9

This is the inheritance

H5159

properly, something inherited, i.e., (abstractly) occupancy, or (concretely) an heirloom; generally an estate, patrimony or portion

מַטֵּ֥ה3 of 9

of the tribe

H4294

a branch (as extending); figuratively, a tribe; also a rod, whether for chastising (figuratively, correction), ruling (a sceptre), throwing (a lance),

בְנֵֽי4 of 9

of the children

H1121

a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or

אָשֵׁ֖ר5 of 9

of Asher

H836

asher, a son of jacob, and the tribe descended from him, with its territory; also a place in palestine

לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתָ֑ם6 of 9

according to their families

H4940

a family, i.e., circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of animals) or sort (of things); by extension a tribe or people

הֶֽעָרִ֥ים7 of 9

these cities

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

הָאֵ֖לֶּה8 of 9
H428

these or those

וְחַצְרֵיהֶֽן׃9 of 9

with their villages

H2691

a yard (as inclosed by a fence); also a hamlet (as similarly surrounded with walls)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Joshua. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Joshua 19:31 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Joshua 19:31 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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