King James Version

What Does Joshua 17:9 Mean?

And the coast descended unto the river Kanah, southward of the river: these cities of Ephraim are among the cities of Manasseh: the coast of Manasseh also was on the north side of the river, and the outgoings of it were at the sea: river Kanah: or, brook of reeds

Joshua 17:9 · KJV


Context

7

And the coast of Manasseh was from Asher to Michmethah, that lieth before Shechem; and the border went along on the right hand unto the inhabitants of Entappuah.

8

Now Manasseh had the land of Tappuah: but Tappuah on the border of Manasseh belonged to the children of Ephraim;

9

And the coast descended unto the river Kanah, southward of the river: these cities of Ephraim are among the cities of Manasseh: the coast of Manasseh also was on the north side of the river, and the outgoings of it were at the sea: river Kanah: or, brook of reeds

10

Southward it was Ephraim's, and northward it was Manasseh's, and the sea is his border; and they met together in Asher on the north, and in Issachar on the east.

11

And Manasseh had in Issachar and in Asher Bethshean and her towns, and Ibleam and her towns, and the inhabitants of Dor and her towns, and the inhabitants of Endor and her towns, and the inhabitants of Taanach and her towns, and the inhabitants of Megiddo and her towns, even three countries.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And the coast descended unto the river Kanah, southward of the river—The boundary continues southward to the Wadi Kanah, a seasonal stream (Hebrew nachal, נַחַל, often translated "river" but actually a wadi that flows only during rainy season). The name Kanah means "reed" or "cane," indicating vegetation growing along the streambed. Natural geographical features—rivers, mountains, valleys—served as tribal boundaries, showing God's providence in using creation itself to establish order among His people.

These cities of Ephraim are among the cities of Manasseh: the coast of Manasseh also was on the north side of the river, and the outgoings of it were at the sea—The territorial complexity continues: certain cities belonging to Ephraim were located within Manasseh's territory. The phrase betokh arei Menasheh (בְּתוֹךְ עָרֵי מְנַשֶּׁה, "among the cities of Manasseh") indicates enclaves—Ephraimite cities surrounded by Manassite territory. This arrangement required ongoing cooperation and prevented either tribe from claiming complete autonomy. The boundary's terminus at "the sea" (Mediterranean) gave both tribes access to coastal trade routes.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The Wadi Kanah (modern Nahal Qanah) flows westward from the Samarian highlands to the Mediterranean Sea, marking the border between Manasseh (north) and Ephraim (south) in the coastal plain. The arrangement of Ephraimite cities within Manassite territory may reflect historical settlements from before the tribal allotments, which Joshua's distribution respected rather than erased. This flexibility demonstrated that the allotment process, though divinely directed, accommodated existing realities. The Mediterranean coast provided access to maritime trade, though Israelites never developed significant naval power, leaving sea commerce to Phoenicians. The Philistines, who would become Israel's primary enemies during the judges period, controlled the southern coastal plain, creating ongoing military challenges.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does God's use of natural boundaries (rivers, mountains) to separate tribes teach us about respecting the limits and boundaries He establishes in our lives?
  2. What does the existence of Ephraimite cities within Manassite territory teach about unity in diversity—distinct identities within shared space?
  3. How can we maintain clear identity and inheritance while still cooperating with others whose 'territory' overlaps with ours in family, church, or community?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 19 words
וְיָרַ֣ד1 of 19

descended

H3381

to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau

וּגְב֤וּל2 of 19

And the coast

H1366

properly, a cord (as twisted), i.e., (by implication) a boundary; by extension the territory inclosed

לַנַּ֔חַל3 of 19

of the river

H5158

a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a shaft (of a mine)

קָנָ֜ה4 of 19

Kanah

H7071

kanah, the name of a stream and of a place in palestine

נֶ֣גְבָּה5 of 19

southward

H5045

the south (from its drought); specifically, the negeb or southern district of judah, occasionally, egypt (as south to palestine)

לַנַּ֔חַל6 of 19

of the river

H5158

a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a shaft (of a mine)

עָרֵ֣י7 of 19

the cities

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙8 of 19
H428

these or those

לְאֶפְרַ֔יִם9 of 19

of Ephraim

H669

ephrajim, a son of joseph; also the tribe descended from him, and its territory

בְּת֖וֹךְ10 of 19

are among

H8432

a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center

עָרֵ֣י11 of 19

the cities

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

מְנַשֶּׁה֙12 of 19

of Manasseh

H4519

menashsheh, a grandson of jacob, also the tribe descended from him, and its territory

וּגְב֤וּל13 of 19

And the coast

H1366

properly, a cord (as twisted), i.e., (by implication) a boundary; by extension the territory inclosed

מְנַשֶּׁה֙14 of 19

of Manasseh

H4519

menashsheh, a grandson of jacob, also the tribe descended from him, and its territory

מִצְּפ֣וֹן15 of 19

also was on the north side

H6828

properly, hidden, i.e., dark; used only of the north as a quarter (gloomy and unknown)

לַנַּ֔חַל16 of 19

of the river

H5158

a stream, especially a winter torrent; (by implication) a (narrow) valley (in which a brook runs); also a shaft (of a mine)

וַיְהִ֥י17 of 19
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

תֹֽצְאֹתָ֖יו18 of 19

and the outgoings

H8444

(only in plural collective) exit, i.e., (geographical) boundary, or (figuratively) deliverance, (actively) source

הַיָּֽמָּה׃19 of 19

of it were at the sea

H3220

a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Joshua. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Joshua 17:9 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Joshua 17:9 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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