King James Version

What Does Isaiah 33:3 Mean?

Isaiah 33:3 in the King James Version says “At the noise of the tumult the people fled; at the lifting up of thyself the nations were scattered. — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 33 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

At the noise of the tumult the people fled; at the lifting up of thyself the nations were scattered.

Isaiah 33:3 · KJV


Context

1

Woe to thee that spoilest, and thou wast not spoiled; and dealest treacherously, and they dealt not treacherously with thee! when thou shalt cease to spoil, thou shalt be spoiled; and when thou shalt make an end to deal treacherously, they shall deal treacherously with thee.

2

O LORD, be gracious unto us; we have waited for thee: be thou their arm every morning, our salvation also in the time of trouble.

3

At the noise of the tumult the people fled; at the lifting up of thyself the nations were scattered.

4

And your spoil shall be gathered like the gathering of the caterpiller: as the running to and fro of locusts shall he run upon them.

5

The LORD is exalted; for he dwelleth on high: he hath filled Zion with judgment and righteousness.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
At the noise of the tumult the people fled (מִקּוֹל הָמוֹן נָדְדוּ עַמִּים, miqol hamon nadedu ammim)—at the קוֹל (qol, voice, noise) of הָמוֹן (hamon, tumult, roar, multitude) the עַמִּים (ammim, peoples) fled (נָדַד, nadad, flee, wander, retreat). At the lifting up of thyself the nations were scattered (מֵרוֹמְמֻתֶךָ נָפְצוּ גּוֹיִם, meromemutekha nafs'u goyim)—when You lifted Yourself up (רוּם, rum, be exalted), גּוֹיִם (goyim, nations) were scattered (נָפַץ, nafats, scattered, dispersed).

God's response to prayer (v. 2): He arises, and enemies scatter. The 'noise of tumult' may be thunder (theophanic manifestation) or simply divine presence causing terror. Psalm 68:1: 'Let God arise, let his enemies be scattered.' When God 'lifts Himself up' (רוֹמֵמ, romem, exalts Himself), nations flee. The Assyrians experienced this—overnight catastrophe sent them fleeing (Isaiah 37:36-37). No battle was fought; God alone won victory. Psalm 46:6: 'He uttered his voice, the earth melted.'

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Historical & Cultural Context

Ancient warfare depended on maintaining army morale. Sudden panic could cause entire armies to flee (Judges 7:21-22, 2 Kings 7:6-7). When God struck 185,000 Assyrian soldiers dead, the survivors fled in terror. Sennacherib's hasty retreat to Nineveh (Isaiah 37:37) fulfilled this prophecy—at God's lifting up, the mighty nation scattered. No human army defeated them; divine intervention did.

Reflection Questions

  1. When has God 'lifted Himself up' in your circumstances, causing seemingly overwhelming enemies to scatter?
  2. How does knowing God can scatter nations with His voice affect prayer and trust during threats?
  3. What modern 'nations' or powers seem overwhelming until God arises against them?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
מִקּ֣וֹל1 of 7

At the noise

H6963

a voice or sound

הָמ֔וֹן2 of 7

of the tumult

H1995

a noise, tumult, crowd; also disquietude, wealth

נָדְד֖וּ3 of 7

fled

H5074

properly, to wave to and fro (rarely to flap up and down); figuratively, to rove, flee, or (causatively) to drive away

עַמִּ֑ים4 of 7

the people

H5971

a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock

מֵר֣וֹמְמֻתֶ֔ךָ5 of 7

at the lifting up

H7427

exaltation

נָפְצ֖וּ6 of 7

were scattered

H5310

to dash to pieces, or scatter

גּוֹיִֽם׃7 of 7

of thyself the nations

H1471

a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 33:3 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 33:3 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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