King James Version

What Does Isaiah 14:23 Mean?

Isaiah 14:23 in the King James Version says “I will also make it a possession for the bittern, and pools of water: and I will sweep it with the besom of destruction,... — study this verse from Isaiah chapter 14 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

I will also make it a possession for the bittern, and pools of water: and I will sweep it with the besom of destruction, saith the LORD of hosts.

Isaiah 14:23 · KJV


Context

21

Prepare slaughter for his children for the iniquity of their fathers; that they do not rise, nor possess the land, nor fill the face of the world with cities .

22

For I will rise up against them, saith the LORD of hosts, and cut off from Babylon the name, and remnant, and son, and nephew, saith the LORD.

23

I will also make it a possession for the bittern, and pools of water: and I will sweep it with the besom of destruction, saith the LORD of hosts.

24

The LORD of hosts hath sworn, saying, Surely as I have thought, so shall it come to pass; and as I have purposed, so shall it stand:

25

That I will break the Assyrian in my land, and upon my mountains tread him under foot: then shall his yoke depart from off them, and his burden depart from off their shoulders.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
'I will also make it a possession for the bittern, and pools of water: and I will sweep it with the besom of destruction, saith the LORD of hosts.' The great city becomes swampland inhabited by birds (bittern—a type of heron; could also be hedgehog or porcupine depending on translation). 'Pools of water' suggests environmental reversal—the irrigated, cultivated land returns to marsh. The metaphor 'sweep it with the besom (broom) of destruction' indicates thorough cleaning out, total removal. This is de-creation—reversing human development, returning to primordial chaos. The once-magnificent city becomes uninhabitable waste, home only to animals. This fate awaited cities under divine judgment (Isaiah 34:11-15; Zephaniah 2:13-15).

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Babylon was built near the Euphrates River on low-lying alluvial plain requiring irrigation management. When human maintenance ceased, the area could revert to marshland. After Babylon's decline, the region did become less populated, with sections returning to wetland. Ancient visitors reported ruins covered with reeds and inhabited by wildlife. The prophecy's fulfillment was so complete that Babylon's exact location was disputed until modern archaeology. The imagery of broom sweeping captures thoroughness: God removes all traces of human pride and accomplishment, demonstrating that without His blessing, human achievement reverts to wilderness.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the reversal of human cultivation (city to swamp) teach about the dependence of all human achievements on God's sustaining grace?
  2. How should Babylon's fate shape our perspective on building lasting vs. temporary kingdoms?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
וְשַׂמְתִּ֛יהָ1 of 11

I will also make

H7760

to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)

לְמוֹרַ֥שׁ2 of 11

it a possession

H4180

a possession; figuratively, delight

קִפֹּ֖ד3 of 11

for the bittern

H7090

a species of bird, perhaps the bittern (from its contracted form)

וְאַגְמֵי4 of 11

and pools

H98

a marsh; hence a rush (as growing in swamps); hence a stockade of reeds

מָ֑יִם5 of 11

of water

H4325

water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen

וְטֵֽאטֵאתִ֙יהָ֙6 of 11

and I will sweep

H2894

to sweep away

בְּמַטְאֲטֵ֣א7 of 11

it with the besom

H4292

a broom (as removing dirt (compare english 'to dust', i.e., remove dust))

הַשְׁמֵ֔ד8 of 11

of destruction

H8045

to desolate

נְאֻ֖ם9 of 11

saith

H5002

an oracle

יְהוָ֥ה10 of 11

the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

צְבָאֽוֹת׃11 of 11

of hosts

H6635

a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (speci


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Isaiah. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Isaiah 14:23 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Isaiah 14:23 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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