King James Version

What Does Habakkuk 2:19 Mean?

Habakkuk 2:19 in the King James Version says “Woe unto him that saith to the wood, Awake; to the dumb stone, Arise, it shall teach! Behold, it is laid over with gold ... — study this verse from Habakkuk chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Woe unto him that saith to the wood, Awake; to the dumb stone, Arise, it shall teach! Behold, it is laid over with gold and silver, and there is no breath at all in the midst of it.

Habakkuk 2:19 · KJV


Context

17

For the violence of Lebanon shall cover thee, and the spoil of beasts, which made them afraid, because of men's blood, and for the violence of the land, of the city, and of all that dwell therein.

18

What profiteth the graven image that the maker thereof hath graven it; the molten image, and a teacher of lies, that the maker of his work trusteth therein, to make dumb idols? maker of: Heb. fashioner of his fashion

19

Woe unto him that saith to the wood, Awake; to the dumb stone, Arise, it shall teach! Behold, it is laid over with gold and silver, and there is no breath at all in the midst of it.

20

But the LORD is in his holy temple: let all the earth keep silence before him. let: Heb. be silent all the earth before him


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Woe unto him that saith to the wood, Awake; to the dumb stone, Arise, it shall teach! Behold, it is laid over with gold and silver, and there is no breath at all in the midst of it. The fifth woe mocks idolatry, exposing its absurdity. Commanding wood to "Awake" (הָקִיץ/haqitz) and stone to "Arise" (עוּרִי/uri) reveals the foolishness of expecting lifeless materials to respond. "It shall teach" (הוּא יוֹרֶה/hu yoreh)—can it instruct? The rhetorical question expects: No!

"Behold, it is laid over with gold and silver" (הִנֵּה־הוּא תָפוּשׂ זָהָב וָכֶסֶף/hinneh-hu tafus zahav vakesef)—external beauty conceals internal emptiness. Overlaying precious metals creates impressive appearance but doesn't impart life. "There is no breath at all in the midst of it" (וְכָל־רוּחַ אֵין בְּקִרְבּוֹ/vekhol-ruach eyn beqirbo)—no רוּחַ (ruach, spirit/breath), the animating principle of life.

This contrasts absolutely with verse 20: "the LORD is in his holy temple"—God is alive, present, active. Idols are dead matter; YHWH is living God. The passage warns against trusting anything created—whether literal idols or modern equivalents (wealth, technology, power)—rather than the living Creator who alone possesses breath, life, and power to save.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Babylonian religion involved elaborate idol worship. Massive statues overlaid with gold represented gods like Marduk and Nebo. During annual festivals, these idols were paraded through streets—dead wood and stone carried by men, yet worshiped as divine. The absurdity wasn't lost on exiled Jews: their captors worshiped creations of their own hands.

When Cyrus conquered Babylon, he mockingly described how Babylonian gods couldn't defend their city—proving their impotence. Isaiah 44:9-20 and Jeremiah 10:1-16 similarly ridicule idol-making: cutting down a tree, burning half for cooking, carving the other half into a god. The critique remains relevant: modern people trust created things (money, status, pleasure) rather than Creator, committing functional idolatry though denying literal idol worship.

Reflection Questions

  1. What modern 'idols'—things overlaid with impressive appearance but containing no life—do people trust instead of the living God?
  2. How does the absence of 'breath' in idols contrast with God as the source of all life and the giver of the Spirit?
  3. What is the difference between appropriately using created things and idolatrously trusting them for what only God can provide?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 18 words
ה֣וֹי1 of 18

Woe

H1945

oh!

אֹמֵ֤ר2 of 18

unto him that saith

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

לָעֵץ֙3 of 18

to the wood

H6086

a tree (from its firmness); hence, wood (plural sticks)

הָקִ֔יצָה4 of 18

Awake

H6974

to awake (literally or figuratively)

ע֖וּרִי5 of 18

Arise

H5782

to wake (literally or figuratively)

לְאֶ֣בֶן6 of 18

stone

H68

a stone

דּוּמָ֑ם7 of 18

to the dumb

H1748

still; adverbially, silently

ה֣וּא8 of 18
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

יוֹרֶ֔ה9 of 18

it shall teach

H3384

properly, to flow as water (i.e., to rain); transitively, to lay or throw (especially an arrow, i.e., to shoot); figuratively, to point out (as if by

הִנֵּה10 of 18
H2009

lo!

ה֗וּא11 of 18
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

תָּפוּשׂ֙12 of 18

Behold it is laid

H8610

to manipulate, i.e., seize; chiefly to capture, wield, specifically, to overlay; figuratively, to use unwarrantably

זָהָ֣ב13 of 18

over with gold

H2091

gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky

וָכֶ֔סֶף14 of 18

and silver

H3701

silver (from its pale color); by implication, money

וְכָל15 of 18
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

ר֖וּחַ16 of 18

and there is no breath

H7307

wind; by resemblance breath, i.e., a sensible (or even violent) exhalation; figuratively, life, anger, unsubstantiality; by extension, a region of the

אֵ֥ין17 of 18
H369

a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle

בְּקִרְבּֽוֹ׃18 of 18

at all in the midst

H7130

properly, the nearest part, i.e., the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Habakkuk. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Habakkuk 2:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Habakkuk 2:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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