King James Version

What Does Genesis 18:24 Mean?

Genesis 18:24 in the King James Version says “Peradventure there be fifty righteous within the city: wilt thou also destroy and not spare the place for the fifty righ... — study this verse from Genesis chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Peradventure there be fifty righteous within the city: wilt thou also destroy and not spare the place for the fifty righteous that are therein?

Genesis 18:24 · KJV


Context

22

And the men turned their faces from thence, and went toward Sodom: but Abraham stood yet before the LORD.

23

And Abraham drew near, and said, Wilt thou also destroy the righteous with the wicked?

24

Peradventure there be fifty righteous within the city: wilt thou also destroy and not spare the place for the fifty righteous that are therein?

25

That be far from thee to do after this manner, to slay the righteous with the wicked: and that the righteous should be as the wicked, that be far from thee: Shall not the Judge of all the earth do right?

26

And the LORD said, If I find in Sodom fifty righteous within the city, then I will spare all the place for their sakes.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Peradventure there be fifty righteous within the city: wilt thou also destroy and not spare the plac... This passage is part of the Abrahamic narratives which shift from universal human history to God's particular covenant people. The Abraham cycle (Genesis 12-25) demonstrates God's sovereign election, covenant faithfulness, and the development of faith through testing and promise fulfillment.

Central themes include God's unconditional covenant promises (land, descendants, blessing to nations), the call to faith and obedience, the testing of faith through delays and impossibilities, the contrast between divine promises and human schemes, and God's gracious persistence despite human failures. Abraham emerges as the father of faith whose trust in God's promises becomes the model for all believers (Romans 4, Galatians 3, Hebrews 11).

Theologically, these narratives establish: (1) salvation by grace through faith rather than works; (2) covenant as God's gracious initiative binding Himself to His people; (3) the necessity of patient trust when promises seem impossible; (4) the consequences of attempting to fulfill God's promises through human effort; (5) the pattern of divine testing producing mature faith. The Abraham cycle foreshadows Christ as the ultimate seed through whom blessing extends to all nations (Galatians 3:16).

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Historical & Cultural Context

The patriarchal narratives (Genesis 12-50) reflect the cultural, social, and legal customs of the ancient Near East during the Middle Bronze Age (2000-1500 BCE). Archaeological discoveries including the Mari tablets, Nuzi tablets, and Egyptian records confirm many details: nomadic pastoralism, covenant-making ceremonies, marriage customs, property laws, and international travel patterns described in Genesis.

The cultural practices reflected include: treaty/covenant forms (Genesis 15), bride-price customs (Genesis 24, 29), inheritance laws favoring firstborn sons (Genesis 25, 27), adoption practices (Genesis 15, 30), levirate-type arrangements (Genesis 38), and Egyptian administrative systems (Genesis 41, 47). These parallels confirm Genesis's historical reliability while showing how God worked within ancient cultural frameworks to accomplish His purposes.

For later Israelites, these narratives established their identity as Abraham's descendants, explained their claim to Canaan, justified their possession of Joseph's bones (Exodus 13:19), and provided models of faith despite imperfection. The patriarchs' failures and God's faithfulness encouraged Israel that covenant relationship depended on God's grace rather than human merit. The movement from Mesopotamia to Canaan to Egypt set the stage for the Exodus and conquest narratives.

Reflection Questions

  1. What theological truths about Divine Visitation emerge from this passage?
  2. How should this truth about Intercession for Sodom shape our daily decisions and priorities?
  3. In what ways does this narrative foreshadow or typify aspects of Christ's redemptive work?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
אוּלַ֥י1 of 16
H194

if not; hence perhaps

יֵ֛שׁ2 of 16

Peradventure there be

H3426

there is or are (or any other form of the verb to be, as may suit the connection)

חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים3 of 16

fifty

H2572

fifty

הַצַּדִּיקִ֖ם4 of 16

righteous

H6662

just

בְּת֣וֹךְ5 of 16

within

H8432

a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center

הָעִ֑יר6 of 16

the city

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

הַאַ֤ף7 of 16
H637

meaning accession (used as an adverb or conjunction); also or yea; adversatively though

תִּסְפֶּה֙8 of 16

wilt thou also destroy

H5595

properly, to scrape (literally, to shave; but usually figuratively) together (i.e., to accumulate or increase) or away (i.e., to scatter, remove, or r

וְלֹֽא9 of 16
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

תִשָּׂ֣א10 of 16

and not spare

H5375

to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative

לַמָּק֔וֹם11 of 16

the place

H4725

properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)

לְמַ֛עַן12 of 16

for

H4616

properly, heed, i.e., purpose; used only adverbially, on account of (as a motive or an aim), teleologically, in order that

חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים13 of 16

fifty

H2572

fifty

הַצַּדִּיקִ֖ם14 of 16

righteous

H6662

just

אֲשֶׁ֥ר15 of 16
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

בְּקִרְבָּֽהּ׃16 of 16

that are therein

H7130

properly, the nearest part, i.e., the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Genesis. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Genesis 18:24 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Genesis 18:24 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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