King James Version

What Does Ezra 5:13 Mean?

Ezra 5:13 in the King James Version says “But in the first year of Cyrus the king of Babylon the same king Cyrus made a decree to build this house of God. — study this verse from Ezra chapter 5 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

But in the first year of Cyrus the king of Babylon the same king Cyrus made a decree to build this house of God.

Ezra 5:13 · KJV


Context

11

And thus they returned us answer, saying, We are the servants of the God of heaven and earth, and build the house that was builded these many years ago, which a great king of Israel builded and set up.

12

But after that our fathers had provoked the God of heaven unto wrath, he gave them into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, the Chaldean, who destroyed this house, and carried the people away into Babylon.

13

But in the first year of Cyrus the king of Babylon the same king Cyrus made a decree to build this house of God.

14

And the vessels also of gold and silver of the house of God, which Nebuchadnezzar took out of the temple that was in Jerusalem, and brought them into the temple of Babylon, those did Cyrus the king take out of the temple of Babylon, and they were delivered unto one, whose name was Sheshbazzar, whom he had made governor; governor: or, deputy

15

And said unto him, Take these vessels, go, carry them into the temple that is in Jerusalem, and let the house of God be builded in his place.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The elders pivoted from judgment to restoration: "But in the first year of Cyrus..." The Aramaic beram (but/however) marks a dramatic transition from exile to return. Cyrus is notably called "king of Babylon"—his title after conquering that empire in 539 BC—emphasizing that the same throne that destroyed the temple now authorized its rebuilding.

The decree (teem) to rebuild represented divine reversal of judgment. What Nebuchadnezzar destroyed, Cyrus would restore. This pattern—exile followed by restoration—embodied the prophetic promises of Jeremiah and Isaiah. The elders' testimony connected Persian imperial history to God's redemptive plan, demonstrating that human kingdoms ultimately serve divine purposes.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Cyrus the Great conquered Babylon in October 539 BC, ending the Neo-Babylonian Empire. His first regnal year as Babylon's king began in spring 538 BC, when he issued the decree permitting Jewish return. The Cyrus Cylinder confirms his policy of religious restoration and repatriation of exiled peoples. By referencing Cyrus's decree, the Jews appealed to legitimate Persian precedent that current officials were bound to honor.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does recognizing that Cyrus served God's purposes—even unknowingly—shape our understanding of God's sovereignty over world leaders?
  2. What hope does the pattern of judgment followed by restoration offer to believers experiencing consequences of past unfaithfulness?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 15 words
בְּרַם֙1 of 15

But

H1297

properly, highly, i.e., surely; but used adversatively, however

בִּשְׁנַ֣ת2 of 15

year

H8140

year

חֲדָ֔ה3 of 15

in the first

H2298

as card. one; as article single; as an ordinal, first; adverbially, at once

כּ֤וֹרֶשׁ4 of 15

Cyrus

H3567

koresh (or cyrus), the persian king

מַלְכָּא֙5 of 15

the king

H4430

a king

דִּ֣י6 of 15
H1768

that, used as relative conjunction, and especially (with a preposition) in adverbial phrases; also as preposition of

בָבֶ֑ל7 of 15

of Babylon

H895

babel (i.e., babylon), including babylonia and the babylonian empire

כּ֤וֹרֶשׁ8 of 15

Cyrus

H3567

koresh (or cyrus), the persian king

מַלְכָּא֙9 of 15

the king

H4430

a king

שָׂ֣ם10 of 15

made

H7761

to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)

טְעֵ֔ם11 of 15

a decree

H2942

properly, flavor; figuratively, judgment (both subjective and objective); hence, account (both subjectively and objectively)

בֵּית12 of 15

house

H1005

a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

אֱלָהָ֥א13 of 15

of God

H426

god

דְנָ֖ה14 of 15

this

H1836

this

לִבְּנֵֽא׃15 of 15

to build

H1124

to build


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ezra. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ezra 5:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ezra 5:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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