King James Version

What Does Ezekiel 17:18 Mean?

Ezekiel 17:18 in the King James Version says “Seeing he despised the oath by breaking the covenant, when, lo, he had given his hand, and hath done all these things, h... — study this verse from Ezekiel chapter 17 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Seeing he despised the oath by breaking the covenant, when, lo, he had given his hand, and hath done all these things, he shall not escape.

Ezekiel 17:18 · KJV


Context

16

As I live, saith the Lord GOD, surely in the place where the king dwelleth that made him king, whose oath he despised, and whose covenant he brake, even with him in the midst of Babylon he shall die.

17

Neither shall Pharaoh with his mighty army and great company make for him in the war, by casting up mounts, and building forts, to cut off many persons:

18

Seeing he despised the oath by breaking the covenant, when, lo, he had given his hand, and hath done all these things, he shall not escape.

19

Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD; As I live, surely mine oath that he hath despised, and my covenant that he hath broken, even it will I recompense upon his own head.

20

And I will spread my net upon him, and he shall be taken in my snare, and I will bring him to Babylon, and will plead with him there for his trespass that he hath trespassed against me.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Comprehensive guilt: 'he despised the oath by breaking the covenant, when, lo, he had given his hand.' 'Given his hand' refers to clasping hands to seal agreements (Ezra 10:19, 2 Kings 10:15). 'Lo' (Hebrew hinneh)—'behold!'—emphasizes shocking treachery. 'He shall not escape' reinforces judgment's certainty. Covenant-breaking brings inescapable consequences.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Hand-clasping was standard in ancient treaty-making. Nebuchadnezzar's 'giving of the hand' formalized the vassal relationship. Contemporary Mesopotamian texts and reliefs depict such ceremonies. Oaths were sworn before both parties' gods—Babylonian deities and Yahweh—making violation sacrilege.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does covenant solemnity teach about marriage vows, church membership, sacred commitments?
  2. How should certainty of 'not escaping' shape our choices before making commitments?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וּבָזָ֥ה1 of 12

Seeing he despised

H959

to disesteem

אָלָ֖ה2 of 12

the oath

H423

an imprecation

לְהָפֵ֣ר3 of 12

by breaking

H6565

to break up (usually figuratively), i.e., to violate, frustrate

בְּרִ֑ית4 of 12

the covenant

H1285

a compact (because made by passing between pieces of flesh)

וְהִנֵּ֨ה5 of 12
H2009

lo!

נָתַ֥ן6 of 12

when lo he had given

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

יָד֛וֹ7 of 12

his hand

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

וְכָל8 of 12
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

אֵ֥לֶּה9 of 12
H428

these or those

עָשָׂ֖ה10 of 12

and hath done

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

לֹ֥א11 of 12
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יִמָּלֵֽט׃12 of 12

all these things he shall not escape

H4422

properly, to be smooth, i.e., (by implication) to escape (as if by slipperiness); causatively, to release or rescue; specifically, to bring forth youn


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Ezekiel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Ezekiel 17:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Ezekiel 17:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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