King James Version

What Does Exodus 38:12 Mean?

Exodus 38:12 in the King James Version says “And for the west side were hangings of fifty cubits, their pillars ten, and their sockets ten; the hooks of the pillars ... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 38 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And for the west side were hangings of fifty cubits, their pillars ten, and their sockets ten; the hooks of the pillars and their fillets of silver.

Exodus 38:12 · KJV


Context

10

Their pillars were twenty, and their brasen sockets twenty; the hooks of the pillars and their fillets were of silver.

11

And for the north side the hangings were an hundred cubits, their pillars were twenty, and their sockets of brass twenty; the hooks of the pillars and their fillets of silver.

12

And for the west side were hangings of fifty cubits, their pillars ten, and their sockets ten; the hooks of the pillars and their fillets of silver.

13

And for the east side eastward fifty cubits.

14

The hangings of the one side of the gate were fifteen cubits; their pillars three, and their sockets three.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The west side (פְּאַת־יָם, pe'at-yam, literally 'seaward side') at fifty cubits (approximately 75 feet) with ten pillars and ten sockets demonstrates proportional design—half the length of north/south sides creates rectangular courtyard. This western wall backed the tabernacle itself, forming solid boundary beyond which was wilderness, teaching that behind God's dwelling is nothing but His sovereign choice to dwell among His people. The west faced away from sunrise (east), away from pagan sun-worship, teaching that God's presence definitively opposes idolatry.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The western wall backed the tabernacle structure (which faced east), creating enclosed courtyard with entrance on east side. The fifty-cubit width accommodated the tabernacle's dimensions plus working space for priests. This westward orientation meant the Most Holy Place occupied the farthest point from the entrance—requiring progression through degrees of holiness.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does the westward orientation (away from sun-worship) teach about God's opposition to idolatry?
  2. How does the progressive distance (entrance to altar to laver to Holy Place to Most Holy Place) illustrate degrees of intimacy in approaching God?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
וְלִפְאַת1 of 13

side

H6285

properly, mouth in a figurative sense, i.e., direction, region, extremity

יָ֗ם2 of 13

And for the west

H3220

a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif

קְלָעִים֙3 of 13

were hangings

H7050

a (door) screen (as if slung across), or the valve (of the door) itself

חֲמִשִּׁ֣ים4 of 13

of fifty

H2572

fifty

בָּֽאַמָּ֔ה5 of 13

cubits

H520

properly, a mother (i.e., unit of measure, or the fore-arm (below the elbow), i.e., a cubit; also a door-base (as a bond of the entrance)

הָֽעַמֻּדִ֛ים6 of 13

of the pillars

H5982

a column (as standing); also a stand, i.e., platform

עֲשָׂרָ֑ה7 of 13

ten

H6235

ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits)

וְאַדְנֵיהֶ֖ם8 of 13

and their sockets

H134

a basis (of a building, a column, etc.)

עֲשָׂרָ֑ה9 of 13

ten

H6235

ten (as an accumulation to the extent of the digits)

וָוֵ֧י10 of 13

the hooks

H2053

a hook (the name of the sixth hebrew letter)

הָֽעַמֻּדִ֛ים11 of 13

of the pillars

H5982

a column (as standing); also a stand, i.e., platform

וַחֲשֽׁוּקֵיהֶ֖ם12 of 13

and their fillets

H2838

attached, i.e., a fence-rail or rod connecting the posts or pillars

כָּֽסֶף׃13 of 13

of silver

H3701

silver (from its pale color); by implication, money


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 38:12 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study