King James Version

What Does Exodus 21:13 Mean?

Exodus 21:13 in the King James Version says “And if a man lie not in wait, but God deliver him into his hand; then I will appoint thee a place whither he shall flee. — study this verse from Exodus chapter 21 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And if a man lie not in wait, but God deliver him into his hand; then I will appoint thee a place whither he shall flee.

Exodus 21:13 · KJV


Context

11

And if he do not these three unto her, then shall she go out free without money.

12

He that smiteth a man, so that he die, shall be surely put to death.

13

And if a man lie not in wait, but God deliver him into his hand; then I will appoint thee a place whither he shall flee.

14

But if a man come presumptuously upon his neighbour, to slay him with guile; thou shalt take him from mine altar, that he may die.

15

And he that smiteth his father, or his mother, shall be surely put to death.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And if a man lie not in wait, but God deliver him into his hand; then I will appoint thee a place whither he shall flee.

This judgment (mishpat) from the Book of the Covenant applies moral law to civil society. God's justice is comprehensive—addressing economic disputes, family relations, and community welfare. The case laws teach covenant people how to love God and neighbor practically. Through detailed ordinances, God shapes Israel as holy nation, distinct from pagan neighbors. These laws reveal God's character: just, merciful, concerned with details of everyday life.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The Book of the Covenant (Exodus 20:22-23:33) is Israel's foundational legal code, predating later expansions in Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. It addresses civil, criminal, and ceremonial matters.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this law reveal God's character—His justice, mercy, or holiness?
  2. What New Testament principles build upon or fulfill this Old Testament regulation?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וַֽאֲשֶׁר֙1 of 12
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

לֹ֣א2 of 12
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

צָדָ֔ה3 of 12

And if a man lie not in wait

H6658

to chase; by implication, to desolate

וְהָֽאֱלֹהִ֖ים4 of 12

but God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

אִנָּ֣ה5 of 12

deliver

H579

to approach; hence, to meet in various senses

לְיָד֑וֹ6 of 12

him into his hand

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

וְשַׂמְתִּ֤י7 of 12

then I will appoint

H7760

to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)

לְךָ֙8 of 12
H0
מָק֔וֹם9 of 12

thee a place

H4725

properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)

אֲשֶׁ֥ר10 of 12
H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

יָנ֖וּס11 of 12

whither he shall flee

H5127

to flit, i.e., vanish away (subside, escape; causatively, chase, impel, deliver)

שָֽׁמָּה׃12 of 12
H8033

there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 21:13 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 21:13 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study