King James Version

What Does Exodus 12:9 Mean?

Exodus 12:9 in the King James Version says “Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance th... — study this verse from Exodus chapter 12 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof.

Exodus 12:9 · KJV


Context

7

And they shall take of the blood, and strike it on the two side posts and on the upper door post of the houses, wherein they shall eat it.

8

And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; and with bitter herbs they shall eat it.

9

Eat not of it raw, nor sodden at all with water, but roast with fire; his head with his legs, and with the purtenance thereof.

10

And ye shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; and that which remaineth of it until the morning ye shall burn with fire.

11

And thus shall ye eat it; with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and ye shall eat it in haste: it is the LORD'S passover.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The prohibition against eating raw or boiled flesh, requiring fire-roasting, emphasizes that God's judgment (symbolized by fire) must fully consume the sacrifice. 'Purtenance' (KJV) refers to internal organs—nothing was discarded, signifying complete sacrifice. This points to Christ's total suffering under divine wrath, not partial or symbolic judgment.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Raw meat was common in pagan rituals, and boiling was the typical Hebrew cooking method. The fire-roasting requirement set Passover apart as unique.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the completeness of the lamb's roasting reflect the thoroughness of Christ's suffering on the cross?
  2. What does the prohibition against raw or boiled meat teach about accepting God's prescribed method of atonement?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 16 words
אַל1 of 16
H408

not (the qualified negation, used as a deprecative); once (job 24:25) as a noun, nothing

תֹּֽאכְל֤וּ2 of 16

Eat

H398

to eat (literally or figuratively)

מִמֶּ֙נּוּ֙3 of 16
H4480

properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses

נָ֔א4 of 16

not of it raw

H4995

properly, tough, i.e., uncooked (flesh)

וּבָשֵׁ֥ל5 of 16
H1311

boiled

מְבֻשָּׁ֖ל6 of 16

nor sodden

H1310

properly, to boil up; hence, to be done in cooking; figuratively to ripen

בַּמָּ֑יִם7 of 16

at all with water

H4325

water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen

כִּ֣י8 of 16
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

אִם9 of 16
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

צְלִי10 of 16

but roast

H6748

roasted

אֵ֔שׁ11 of 16

with fire

H784

fire (literally or figuratively)

רֹאשׁ֥וֹ12 of 16

his head

H7218

the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)

עַל13 of 16
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

כְּרָעָ֖יו14 of 16

with his legs

H3767

the leg (from the knee to the ankle) of men or locusts (only in the dual)

וְעַל15 of 16
H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

קִרְבּֽוֹ׃16 of 16

and with the purtenance

H7130

properly, the nearest part, i.e., the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Exodus. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Exodus 12:9 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Exodus 12:9 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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