King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 22:18 Mean?

Deuteronomy 22:18 in the King James Version says “And the elders of that city shall take that man and chastise him; — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 22 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the elders of that city shall take that man and chastise him;

Deuteronomy 22:18 · KJV


Context

16

And the damsel's father shall say unto the elders, I gave my daughter unto this man to wife, and he hateth her;

17

And, lo, he hath given occasions of speech against her, saying, I found not thy daughter a maid; and yet these are the tokens of my daughter's virginity. And they shall spread the cloth before the elders of the city.

18

And the elders of that city shall take that man and chastise him;

19

And they shall amerce him in an hundred shekels of silver, and give them unto the father of the damsel, because he hath brought up an evil name upon a virgin of Israel: and she shall be his wife; he may not put her away all his days.

20

But if this thing be true, and the tokens of virginity be not found for the damsel:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The elders of that city shall take that man and chastise himyasar (יָסַר, "chastise") means to discipline, correct, or punish, often through physical beating (Proverbs 23:13). The corporal punishment publicly humiliates the false accuser, matching his attempt to publicly shame his innocent wife. The elders' judgment isn't arbitrary—they've examined evidence, heard testimony, and determined the husband's guilt.

This judicial punishment serves multiple purposes: (1) retribution for the crime of false witness and attempted injustice, (2) deterrence against future false accusations, (3) vindication of the innocent woman through visible punishment of her slanderer, (4) restoration of community order by punishing covenant-breaking behavior. Biblical justice is restorative and communal, not merely punitive and individual. The punishment fits the crime—public humiliation for one who sought to publicly shame.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Corporal punishment was standard in ancient judicial systems. Israel's law limited such punishment (Deuteronomy 25:3 restricts beatings to forty lashes) unlike many contemporary cultures that imposed unlimited brutality. The elders' authority to execute judgment locally ensured swift justice without centralized bureaucracy. This decentralized system required wise, godly leaders in each community—a model requiring Israel's covenant faithfulness to function properly. When Israel apostatized, judicial corruption followed (Isaiah 1:23; Micah 3:11).

Reflection Questions

  1. How does swift, certain punishment for false accusation protect both individuals and community integrity?
  2. What does the public nature of both the accusation and the punishment teach about biblical justice being communal and restorative?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
וְלָֽקְח֛וּ1 of 8

shall take

H3947

to take (in the widest variety of applications)

זִקְנֵ֥י2 of 8

And the elders

H2205

old

הָֽעִיר3 of 8

of that city

H5892

a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

הַהִ֖וא4 of 8
H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

אֶת5 of 8
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הָאִ֑ישׁ6 of 8

that man

H376

a man as an individual or a male person; often used as an adjunct to a more definite term (and in such cases frequently not expressed in translation)

וְיִסְּר֖וּ7 of 8

and chastise

H3256

to chastise, literally (with blows) or figuratively (with words); hence, to instruct

אֹתֽוֹ׃8 of 8
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 22:18 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 22:18 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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