King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 19:20 Mean?

Deuteronomy 19:20 in the King James Version says “And those which remain shall hear, and fear, and shall henceforth commit no more any such evil among you. — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 19 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And those which remain shall hear, and fear, and shall henceforth commit no more any such evil among you.

Deuteronomy 19:20 · King James Version


Context

18

And the judges shall make diligent inquisition: and, behold, if the witness be a false witness, and hath testified falsely against his brother;

19

Then shall ye do unto him, as he had thought to have done unto his brother: so shalt thou put the evil away from among you.

20

And those which remain shall hear, and fear, and shall henceforth commit no more any such evil among you.

21

And thine eye shall not pity; but life shall go for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot.


Commentaries2 scholars

KJV Study CommentaryPublic Domain
And those which remain shall hear, and fear (וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִים יִשְׁמְעוּ וְיִרָאוּ, ve-ha-nish'arim yishme'u ve-yira'u)—public justice serves both punishment and education. The verb shama (שָׁמַע, "hear") implies not just auditory reception but understanding and taking to heart. The verb yare (יָרֵא, "fear") indicates healthy fear that produces behavioral change, not paralyzing terror.

And shall henceforth commit no more any such evil among you (וְלֹא־יֹסִפוּ לַעֲשׂוֹת עוֹד כַּדָּבָר הָרָע הַזֶּה בְּקִרְבֶּךָ, ve-lo-yosifu la'asot od ka-davar ha-ra ha-zeh be-qirbbekha)—the purpose of punishing perjury is deterrence. This same formula appears in similar contexts (Deuteronomy 13:11, 17:13, 21:21) regarding capital punishment for serious crimes. The assumption is that when people see justice executed, they will be deterred from similar wickedness. This presumes judicial transparency—punishments must be known and understood to deter.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Public execution of judgment served pedagogical purposes in ancient Israel. Unlike modern incarceration, which removes offenders from public view, ancient justice was often communal and visible. Stoning, for instance, required community participation (Deuteronomy 17:7), forcing witnesses to bear responsibility and teaching observers the seriousness of the crime. The emphasis on hearing and fearing suggests that judicial verdicts were publicly announced, perhaps at city gates where legal proceedings occurred. This communal approach to justice reinforced shared values and maintained social cohesion through collective accountability.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does the deterrent purpose of punishment relate to contemporary debates about criminal justice philosophy?
  2. What role should "fear" (reverent caution) play in preventing sin among believers (cf. 1 Peter 1:17, Philippians 2:12)?

Compare 2 commentaries from different scholars and time periods for a richer understanding.


Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
וְהַנִּשְׁאָרִ֖ים1 of 11

And those which remain

H7604

properly, to swell up, i.e., be (causatively, make) redundant

יִשְׁמְע֣וּ2 of 11

shall hear

H8085

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

וְיִרָ֑אוּ3 of 11

and fear

H3372

to fear; morally to revere; causatively to frighten

וְלֹֽא4 of 11
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

יֹסִ֨פוּ5 of 11

and shall henceforth

H3254

to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)

לַֽעֲשׂ֜וֹת6 of 11

commit

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

ע֗וֹד7 of 11
H5750

properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more

כַּדָּבָ֥ר8 of 11

no more any

H1697

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

הָרָ֛ע9 of 11

such evil

H7451

bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)

הַזֶּ֖ה10 of 11
H2088

the masculine demonstrative pronoun, this or that

בְּקִרְבֶּֽךָ׃11 of 11

among

H7130

properly, the nearest part, i.e., the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 19:20 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 19:20 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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