King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 14:16 Mean?

Deuteronomy 14:16 in the King James Version says “The little owl, and the great owl, and the swan, — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 14 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

The little owl, and the great owl, and the swan,

Deuteronomy 14:16 · KJV


Context

14

And every raven after his kind,

15

And the owl , and the night hawk, and the cuckow, and the hawk after his kind,

16

The little owl, and the great owl, and the swan,

17

And the pelican, and the gier eagle, and the cormorant,

18

And the stork, and the heron after her kind, and the lapwing, and the bat.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
The little owl, and the great owl, and the swan—Three water and nocturnal birds: kos (כּוֹס, little owl), yanshuf (יַנְשׁוּף, great owl or ibis), tinshemeth (תִּנְשֶׁמֶת, swan or barn owl). Owls inhabited ruins (Isaiah 34:11, Zephaniah 2:14), symbolizing desolation and God's judgment. They thrived where humans perished.

The gospel reverses this: Christ entered our ruin (He hath sent me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, Luke 4:18) and transforms desolation into habitation. Where owls roosted in Babylon's ruins (Isaiah 13:21), God promises Israel: I will make the wilderness a pool of water (Isaiah 41:18). The food laws pointed Israel away from death's dwelling toward life's source.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Owls were associated with Athena in Greek culture (wisdom) and with death omens in Roman culture. Israel's prohibition rejected both pagan wisdom traditions and superstitious fear, anchoring knowledge in covenant relationship with YHWH alone.

Reflection Questions

  1. What 'ruins' in your life (broken relationships, past failures) has Christ entered to bring healing?
  2. How does the world's 'wisdom' (secular philosophy, self-help) resemble the owl—impressive but associated with spiritual darkness?
  3. Where do you see God transforming 'wilderness' (barren, dead areas) into 'pools of water' (life and fruitfulness)?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 5 words
אֶת1 of 5
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַכּ֥וֹס2 of 5

The little owl

H3563

a cup (as a container), often figuratively, some unclean bird, probably an owl (perhaps from the cup-like cavity of its eye)

וְאֶת3 of 5
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

הַיַּנְשׁ֖וּף4 of 5

and the great owl

H3244

an unclean (acquatic) bird; probably the heron (perhaps from its blowing cry, or because the nightheron is meant)

וְהַתִּנְשָֽׁמֶת׃5 of 5

and the swan

H8580

properly, a hard breather, i.e., the name of two unclean creatures, a lizard and a bird (both perhaps from changing color through their irascibility),


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 14:16 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

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