King James Version

What Does Deuteronomy 10:19 Mean?

Deuteronomy 10:19 in the King James Version says “Love ye therefore the stranger: for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt. — study this verse from Deuteronomy chapter 10 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Love ye therefore the stranger: for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.

Deuteronomy 10:19 · KJV


Context

17

For the LORD your God is God of gods, and Lord of lords, a great God, a mighty, and a terrible, which regardeth not persons, nor taketh reward:

18

He doth execute the judgment of the fatherless and widow, and loveth the stranger, in giving him food and raiment.

19

Love ye therefore the stranger: for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.

20

Thou shalt fear the LORD thy God; him shalt thou serve, and to him shalt thou cleave, and swear by his name.

21

He is thy praise, and he is thy God, that hath done for thee these great and terrible things, which thine eyes have seen.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Love ye therefore the stranger—The Hebrew ahav (love) is commanded toward the ger (sojourner), extending covenant loyalty beyond ethnic Israel. For ye were strangers in the land of Egypt grounds the command in Israel's collective memory: they experienced oppression as foreigners and must not replicate Egypt's cruelty. This is applied theology—doctrine (God's character, v. 17-18) produces ethics (love the stranger).

Jesus radicalizes this in the Good Samaritan parable (Luke 10:25-37), making a despised foreigner the hero who fulfills 'love your neighbor.' Ephesians 2:19 reverses the metaphor: Gentile believers are 'no more strangers and foreigners' because Christ abolished ethnic barriers. The church becomes the community where former 'strangers' (Gentiles and Jews) unite through the cross. Hospitality to outsiders reflects God's gracious inclusion of us.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Israel's 430-year sojourn in Egypt (Exodus 12:40-41) included both favorable treatment under Joseph and brutal enslavement under later Pharaohs. Moses appeals to this memory to cultivate compassion for vulnerable foreigners residing among them in Canaan.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does your past experience of God's grace (when you were spiritually 'strangers,' Ephesians 2:12) motivate present compassion?
  2. In what practical ways can you 'love the stranger' in a culture increasingly hostile to immigrants and refugees?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
וַֽאֲהַבְתֶּ֖ם1 of 8

Love

H157

to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)

אֶת2 of 8
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

גֵרִ֥ים3 of 8

for ye were strangers

H1616

properly, a guest; by implication, a foreigner

כִּֽי4 of 8
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

גֵרִ֥ים5 of 8

for ye were strangers

H1616

properly, a guest; by implication, a foreigner

הֱיִיתֶ֖ם6 of 8
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

בְּאֶ֥רֶץ7 of 8

in the land

H776

the earth (at large, or partitively a land)

מִצְרָֽיִם׃8 of 8

of Egypt

H4714

mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Deuteronomy. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Deuteronomy 10:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Deuteronomy 10:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Places in This Verse

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