King James Version

What Does 2 Kings 3:4 Mean?

2 Kings 3:4 in the King James Version says “And Mesha king of Moab was a sheepmaster, and rendered unto the king of Israel an hundred thousand lambs, and an hundred... — study this verse from 2 Kings chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Mesha king of Moab was a sheepmaster, and rendered unto the king of Israel an hundred thousand lambs, and an hundred thousand rams, with the wool.

2 Kings 3:4 · KJV


Context

2

And he wrought evil in the sight of the LORD; but not like his father, and like his mother: for he put away the image of Baal that his father had made. image: Heb. statue

3

Nevertheless he cleaved unto the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, which made Israel to sin; he departed not therefrom.

4

And Mesha king of Moab was a sheepmaster, and rendered unto the king of Israel an hundred thousand lambs, and an hundred thousand rams, with the wool.

5

But it came to pass, when Ahab was dead, that the king of Moab rebelled against the king of Israel.

6

And king Jehoram went out of Samaria the same time, and numbered all Israel.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And Mesha king of Moab was a sheepmaster, and rendered unto the king of Israel an hundred thousand lambs, and an hundred thousand rams, with the wool.

This verse contributes to the overall theme of chapter 3: God's faithfulness despite human unfaithfulness. The reference to kingship reminds readers that all human authority is subordinate to God's ultimate kingship. The prophetic ministry served as God's primary means of covenant enforcement, calling both kings and people to faithfulness. During this period, Israel and Judah struggled with persistent idolatry, particularly Baal worship introduced under Ahab and Jezebel.

The narrative demonstrates God's justice in judging covenant unfaithfulness while maintaining His ultimate purposes for redemption.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Historical Setting: 2 Kings 3 takes place during the Elisha prophetic ministry, approximately 850-800 BCE. The chapter's theme (Moabite Rebellion and God's Deliverance) reflects the historical reality of God's compassionate provision through prophetic miracles while both kingdoms struggled with persistent idolatry. Archaeological evidence from this period includes royal inscriptions, administrative documents, and material culture that corroborate the biblical account while providing additional context for understanding the political and social dynamics at work.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this verse contribute to understanding the theological message of 2 Kings 3 regarding god's faithfulness despite human unfaithfulness?
  2. What does this passage reveal about God's character, particularly His justice, mercy, and faithfulness to covenant promises?
  3. In what practical ways should this text shape contemporary Christian thinking about faithfulness, worship, and obedience to God?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 15 words
וּמֵישַׁ֥ע1 of 15

And Mesha

H4338

mesha, a moabite

לְמֶֽלֶךְ2 of 15

king

H4428

a king

מוֹאָ֖ב3 of 15

of Moab

H4124

moab, an incestuous son of lot; also his territory and descendants

הָיָ֣ה4 of 15
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

נֹקֵ֑ד5 of 15

was a sheepmaster

H5349

a spotter (of sheep or cattle), i.e., the owner or tender (who thus marks them)

וְהֵשִׁ֤יב6 of 15

and rendered

H7725

to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);

לְמֶֽלֶךְ7 of 15

king

H4428

a king

יִשְׂרָאֵל֙8 of 15

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

וּמֵ֥אָה9 of 15

an hundred

H3967

a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction

אֶ֖לֶף10 of 15

thousand

H505

hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand

כָּרִ֔ים11 of 15

lambs

H3733

a ram (as full-grown and fat), including a battering-ram (as butting)

וּמֵ֥אָה12 of 15

an hundred

H3967

a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction

אֶ֖לֶף13 of 15

thousand

H505

hence (the ox's head being the first letter of the alphabet, and this eventually used as a numeral) a thousand

אֵילִ֥ים14 of 15

rams

H352

properly, strength; hence, anything strong; specifically an oak or other strong tree

צָֽמֶר׃15 of 15

with the wool

H6785

wool


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Kings. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Kings 3:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 2 Kings 3:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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