King James Version

What Does 2 Kings 3:10 Mean?

2 Kings 3:10 in the King James Version says “And the king of Israel said, Alas! that the LORD hath called these three kings together, to deliver them into the hand o... — study this verse from 2 Kings chapter 3 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the king of Israel said, Alas! that the LORD hath called these three kings together, to deliver them into the hand of Moab!

2 Kings 3:10 · KJV


Context

8

And he said, Which way shall we go up? And he answered, The way through the wilderness of Edom.

9

So the king of Israel went, and the king of Judah, and the king of Edom: and they fetched a compass of seven days' journey: and there was no water for the host, and for the cattle that followed them. that: Heb. at their feet

10

And the king of Israel said, Alas! that the LORD hath called these three kings together, to deliver them into the hand of Moab!

11

But Jehoshaphat said, Is there not here a prophet of the LORD, that we may enquire of the LORD by him? And one of the king of Israel's servants answered and said, Here is Elisha the son of Shaphat, which poured water on the hands of Elijah.

12

And Jehoshaphat said, The word of the LORD is with him. So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat and the king of Edom went down to him.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And the king of Israel said, Alas! that the LORD hath called these three kings together, to deliver them into the hand of Moab!

This verse contributes to the overall theme of chapter 3: God's faithfulness despite human unfaithfulness. The divine name emphasizes Yahweh's covenant relationship with Israel and His sovereign control over historical events. The reference to kingship reminds readers that all human authority is subordinate to God's ultimate kingship. The prophetic ministry served as God's primary means of covenant enforcement, calling both kings and people to faithfulness. During this period, Israel and Judah struggled with persistent idolatry, particularly Baal worship introduced under Ahab and Jezebel.

The narrative demonstrates God's justice in judging covenant unfaithfulness while maintaining His ultimate purposes for redemption.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Historical Setting: 2 Kings 3 takes place during the Elisha prophetic ministry, approximately 850-800 BCE. The chapter's theme (Moabite Rebellion and God's Deliverance) reflects the historical reality of God's compassionate provision through prophetic miracles while both kingdoms struggled with persistent idolatry. Archaeological evidence from this period includes royal inscriptions, administrative documents, and material culture that corroborate the biblical account while providing additional context for understanding the political and social dynamics at work.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this verse contribute to understanding the theological message of 2 Kings 3 regarding god's faithfulness despite human unfaithfulness?
  2. What does this passage reveal about God's character, particularly His justice, mercy, and faithfulness to covenant promises?
  3. In what practical ways should this text shape contemporary Christian thinking about faithfulness, worship, and obedience to God?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 14 words
וַיֹּ֖אמֶר1 of 14

said

H559

to say (used with great latitude)

הַמְּלָכִ֣ים2 of 14

And the king

H4428

a king

יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל3 of 14

of Israel

H3478

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

אֲהָ֕הּ4 of 14

Alas

H162

oh!

כִּֽי5 of 14
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

קָרָ֣א6 of 14

hath called

H7121

to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)

יְהוָ֗ה7 of 14

that the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

לִשְׁלֹ֙שֶׁת֙8 of 14

these three

H7969

three; occasionally (ordinal) third, or (multiple) thrice

הַמְּלָכִ֣ים9 of 14

And the king

H4428

a king

הָאֵ֔לֶּה10 of 14
H428

these or those

לָתֵ֥ת11 of 14

to deliver

H5414

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

אוֹתָ֖ם12 of 14
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

בְּיַד13 of 14

them into the hand

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

מוֹאָֽב׃14 of 14

of Moab

H4124

moab, an incestuous son of lot; also his territory and descendants


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Kings. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Kings 3:10 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 2 Kings 3:10 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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