King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 25:4 Mean?

1 Samuel 25:4 in the King James Version says “And David heard in the wilderness that Nabal did shear his sheep. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 25 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And David heard in the wilderness that Nabal did shear his sheep.

1 Samuel 25:4 · KJV


Context

2

And there was a man in Maon, whose possessions were in Carmel; and the man was very great, and he had three thousand sheep, and a thousand goats: and he was shearing his sheep in Carmel. possessions: or, business

3

Now the name of the man was Nabal; and the name of his wife Abigail: and she was a woman of good understanding, and of a beautiful countenance: but the man was churlish and evil in his doings; and he was of the house of Caleb.

4

And David heard in the wilderness that Nabal did shear his sheep.

5

And David sent out ten young men, and David said unto the young men, Get you up to Carmel, and go to Nabal, and greet him in my name: greet: Heb. ask him in my name of peace

6

And thus shall ye say to him that liveth in prosperity, Peace be both to thee, and peace be to thine house, and peace be unto all that thou hast.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And David heard in the wilderness that Nabal did shear his sheep.

David's awareness of Nabal's shearing indicates his intelligence network remained active. The Hebrew 'vayishma' (heard) suggests information reached him through his contacts. Sheep shearing as a time of abundance and generosity was well known; David recognized an opportunity for legitimate provision. His band's protection of Nabal's shepherds (mentioned later) gave moral grounds for requesting assistance. The wilderness location emphasizes David's marginalized status—he heard of festivity while surviving in harsh conditions. This brief verse sets in motion a confrontation between the wealthy fool and the impoverished future king.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Shearing season was widely announced as it required additional labor and marked the agricultural calendar. David's network of informants in the region kept him aware of local events. The timing of his request during this festive season was culturally appropriate.

Reflection Questions

  1. How did David maintain awareness of opportunities while surviving in the wilderness?
  2. What does timing reveal about wisdom in making requests?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 8 words
וַיִּשְׁמַ֥ע1 of 8

heard

H8085

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

דָּוִ֖ד2 of 8

And David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

בַּמִּדְבָּ֑ר3 of 8

in the wilderness

H4057

a pasture (i.e., open field, whither cattle are driven); by implication, a desert

כִּֽי4 of 8
H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

גֹזֵ֥ז5 of 8

did shear

H1494

to cut off; specifically to shear a flock or shave the hair; figuratively to destroy an enemy

נָבָ֖ל6 of 8

that Nabal

H5037

nabal, an israelite

אֶת7 of 8
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

צֹאנֽוֹ׃8 of 8

his sheep

H6629

a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 25:4 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 25:4 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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