King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 18:29 Mean?

1 Samuel 18:29 in the King James Version says “And Saul was yet the more afraid of David; and Saul became David's enemy continually. — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 18 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And Saul was yet the more afraid of David; and Saul became David's enemy continually.

1 Samuel 18:29 · KJV


Context

27

Wherefore David arose and went, he and his men, and slew of the Philistines two hundred men; and David brought their foreskins, and they gave them in full tale to the king, that he might be the king's son in law. And Saul gave him Michal his daughter to wife.

28

And Saul saw and knew that the LORD was with David, and that Michal Saul's daughter loved him.

29

And Saul was yet the more afraid of David; and Saul became David's enemy continually.

30

Then the princes of the Philistines went forth: and it came to pass, after they went forth, that David behaved himself more wisely than all the servants of Saul; so that his name was much set by. set by: Heb. precious


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And Saul was yet the more afraid of David; and Saul became David's enemy continually.

Saul's perpetual enmity ('oyev) toward David had become settled disposition rather than passing emotion. The Hebrew indicates permanent hostile status - 'enemy continually' marks the relationship's sad deterioration. What began as appreciation (16:21) degraded to jealousy, then fear, then murder attempts, finally settling into implacable opposition. Sin's trajectory is ever downward without divine intervention.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The term 'enemy' carried legal and covenant implications in ancient Israel. David would later refuse to harm Saul despite this enmity, demonstrating the higher standard of God's kingdom. Saul's enmity would dominate his remaining years.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does unchecked sin progress from attitude to action to settled disposition?
  2. What does Saul's trajectory warn about the importance of early repentance?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 13 words
וַיֹּ֣אסֶף1 of 13

was yet the more

H3254

to add or augment (often adverbial, to continue to do a thing)

שָׁא֛וּל2 of 13

And Saul

H7586

shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites

לֵרֹ֛א3 of 13

afraid

H3372

to fear; morally to revere; causatively to frighten

מִפְּנֵ֥י4 of 13

of

H6440

the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

דָּוִ֖ד5 of 13

David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

ע֑וֹד6 of 13
H5750

properly, iteration or continuance; used only adverbially (with or without preposition), again, repeatedly, still, more

וַיְהִ֥י7 of 13
H1961

to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)

שָׁא֛וּל8 of 13

And Saul

H7586

shaul, the name of an edomite and two israelites

אֹיֵ֥ב9 of 13

enemy

H341

hating; an adversary

אֶת10 of 13
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

דָּוִ֖ד11 of 13

David

H1732

david, the youngest son of jesse

כָּל12 of 13
H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

הַיָּמִֽים׃13 of 13

continually

H3117

a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 18:29 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 18:29 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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