King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 15:19 Mean?

1 Samuel 15:19 in the King James Version says “Wherefore then didst thou not obey the voice of the LORD, but didst fly upon the spoil, and didst evil in the sight of t... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

Wherefore then didst thou not obey the voice of the LORD, but didst fly upon the spoil, and didst evil in the sight of the LORD?

1 Samuel 15:19 · KJV


Context

17

And Samuel said, When thou wast little in thine own sight, wast thou not made the head of the tribes of Israel, and the LORD anointed thee king over Israel?

18

And the LORD sent thee on a journey, and said, Go and utterly destroy the sinners the Amalekites, and fight against them until they be consumed. they: Heb. they consume them

19

Wherefore then didst thou not obey the voice of the LORD, but didst fly upon the spoil, and didst evil in the sight of the LORD?

20

And Saul said unto Samuel, Yea, I have obeyed the voice of the LORD, and have gone the way which the LORD sent me, and have brought Agag the king of Amalek, and have utterly destroyed the Amalekites.

21

But the people took of the spoil, sheep and oxen, the chief of the things which should have been utterly destroyed, to sacrifice unto the LORD thy God in Gilgal.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Wherefore then didst thou not obey the voice of the LORD, but didst fly upon the spoil, and didst evil in the sight of the LORD?

Samuel's accusation intensifies: 'Wherefore then didst thou not obey the voice of the LORD, but didst fly upon the spoil?' The verb 'fly' (ya'at) pictures ravenous greed - the same word used for the people's desperate eating in 14:32. Samuel characterizes Saul's keeping of livestock as greedy seizure, not pious intention. The concluding verdict - 'and didst evil in the sight of the LORD' - is comprehensive judgment. What Saul spiritualized as sacrifice, God sees as evil. Intent does not sanctify disobedient action.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

The phrase 'evil in the sight of the LORD' is a recurring formula for covenant violation (Judges 2:11; 3:7, 12; etc.). Samuel applies to Saul the same language used for Israel's repeated apostasy during the judges period. The king has become like his disobedient people.

Reflection Questions

  1. How do religious justifications mask what God sees as greed or disobedience?
  2. What is the relationship between divine assessment and human self-assessment of our actions?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 12 words
וְלָ֥מָּה1 of 12
H4100

properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and

לֹֽא2 of 12
H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

שָׁמַ֖עְתָּ3 of 12

Wherefore then didst thou not obey

H8085

to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)

בְּק֣וֹל4 of 12

the voice

H6963

a voice or sound

יְהוָֽה׃5 of 12

of the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

וַתַּ֙עַט֙6 of 12

but didst fly

H5860

to swoop down upon (literally or figuratively)

אֶל7 of 12
H413

near, with or among; often in general, to

הַשָּׁלָ֔ל8 of 12

upon the spoil

H7998

booty

וַתַּ֥עַשׂ9 of 12

and didst

H6213

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

הָרַ֖ע10 of 12

evil

H7451

bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)

בְּעֵינֵ֥י11 of 12

in the sight

H5869

an eye (literally or figuratively); by analogy, a fountain (as the eye of the landscape)

יְהוָֽה׃12 of 12

of the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 15:19 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 15:19 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

Test Your Knowledge

Continue Your Study