King James Version

What Does 1 Samuel 12:9 Mean?

1 Samuel 12:9 in the King James Version says “And when they forgat the LORD their God, he sold them into the hand of Sisera, captain of the host of Hazor, and into th... — study this verse from 1 Samuel chapter 12 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And when they forgat the LORD their God, he sold them into the hand of Sisera, captain of the host of Hazor, and into the hand of the Philistines, and into the hand of the king of Moab, and they fought against them.

1 Samuel 12:9 · KJV


Context

7

Now therefore stand still, that I may reason with you before the LORD of all the righteous acts of the LORD, which he did to you and to your fathers. righteous: Heb. righteousnesses, or, benefits to: Heb. with

8

When Jacob was come into Egypt, and your fathers cried unto the LORD, then the LORD sent Moses and Aaron, which brought forth your fathers out of Egypt, and made them dwell in this place.

9

And when they forgat the LORD their God, he sold them into the hand of Sisera, captain of the host of Hazor, and into the hand of the Philistines, and into the hand of the king of Moab, and they fought against them.

10

And they cried unto the LORD, and said, We have sinned, because we have forsaken the LORD, and have served Baalim and Ashtaroth: but now deliver us out of the hand of our enemies, and we will serve thee.

11

And the LORD sent Jerubbaal, and Bedan, and Jephthah, and Samuel, and delivered you out of the hand of your enemies on every side, and ye dwelled safe.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
And when they forgat the LORD their God, he sold them into the hand of Sisera, captain of the host of Hazor, and into the hand of the Philistines, and into the hand of the king of Moab, and they fought against them.

Samuel identifies a recurring pattern: when Israel 'forgat the LORD their God,' He 'sold them' (makar) into enemy hands. The language of being 'sold' recalls the slave market, emphasizing that Israel's subjugation resulted from covenant abandonment. The specific enemies named - Sisera, the Philistines, and Moab - represent threats from north, west, and east, surrounding Israel with consequences of their unfaithfulness. Divine discipline aimed at restoration, not destruction.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Sisera commanded Jabin's Canaanite army and was defeated by Deborah and Barak (Judges 4-5). The Philistines dominated Israel during much of the judges period. Moab oppressed Israel under Eglon until Ehud's deliverance (Judges 3:12-30). These enemies represented distinct cultural and military threats.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does forgetting God's past faithfulness lead to present vulnerability?
  2. In what ways does God use difficult circumstances to draw His people back to Himself?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 18 words
וַֽיִּשְׁכְּח֖וּ1 of 18

And when they forgat

H7911

to mislay, i.e., to be oblivious of, from want of memory or attention

אֶת2 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

יְהוָ֣ה3 of 18

the LORD

H3068

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

אֱלֹֽהֵיהֶ֑ם4 of 18

their God

H430

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

וַיִּמְכֹּ֣ר5 of 18

he sold

H4376

to sell, literally (as merchandise, a daughter in marriage, into slavery), or figuratively (to surrender)

אֹתָ֡ם6 of 18
H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

וּבְיַד֙7 of 18

and into the hand

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

סִֽיסְרָא֩8 of 18

of Sisera

H5516

sisera, the name of a canaanitish king and of one of the nethinim

שַׂר9 of 18

captain

H8269

a head person (of any rank or class)

צְבָ֨א10 of 18

of the host

H6635

a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (speci

חָצ֜וֹר11 of 18

of Hazor

H2674

chatsor, the name (thus simply) of two places in palestine and of one in arabia

וּבְיַד֙12 of 18

and into the hand

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

פְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים13 of 18

of the Philistines

H6430

a pelishtite or inhabitant of pelesheth

וּבְיַד֙14 of 18

and into the hand

H3027

a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v

מֶ֣לֶךְ15 of 18

of the king

H4428

a king

מוֹאָ֔ב16 of 18

of Moab

H4124

moab, an incestuous son of lot; also his territory and descendants

וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ17 of 18

and they fought

H3898

to feed on; figuratively, to consume

בָּֽם׃18 of 18
H0

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Samuel 12:9 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Samuel 12:9 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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