King James Version

What Does 1 Corinthians 15:34 Mean?

1 Corinthians 15:34 in the King James Version says “Awake to righteousness, and sin not; for some have not the knowledge of God: I speak this to your shame. — study this verse from 1 Corinthians chapter 15 with commentary, cross-references, and original Greek word analysis.

Awake to righteousness, and sin not; for some have not the knowledge of God: I speak this to your shame.

1 Corinthians 15:34 · KJV


Context

32

If after the manner of men I have fought with beasts at Ephesus, what advantageth it me, if the dead rise not? let us eat and drink; for to morrow we die. after: or, to speak after the manner of men

33

Be not deceived: evil communications corrupt good manners.

34

Awake to righteousness, and sin not; for some have not the knowledge of God: I speak this to your shame.

35

But some man will say, How are the dead raised up? and with what body do they come?

36

Thou fool, that which thou sowest is not quickened, except it die:


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Awake to righteousness, and sin not (ἐκνήψατε δικαίως καὶ μὴ ἁμαρτάνετε)—The verb eknēpsate (ἐκνήψατε, "sober up, wake up") uses metaphor of drunkenness—the Corinthians are intoxicated with false teaching, need to sober up. The adverb dikaiōs (δικαίως, "righteously, justly") indicates moral awakening, not merely intellectual clarity. The present imperative mē hamartanete (μὴ ἁμαρτάνετε, "stop sinning") suggests ongoing sin Paul commands them to cease.

For some have not the knowledge of God: I speak this to your shame (ἀγνωσίαν γὰρ θεοῦ τινες ἔχουσιν, πρὸς ἐντροπὴν ὑμῖν λαλῶ)—The phrase agnōsian theou (ἀγνωσίαν θεοῦ, "ignorance of God") is devastating indictment. Despite their pride in wisdom and spiritual gifts (chapters 1-4, 12-14), some Corinthians lack basic gnōsis theou (knowledge of God). Paul shames them—pros entropēn (πρὸς ἐντροπήν)—to provoke repentance.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Corinthian church was plagued by intellectual pride (1 Corinthians 1:18-25, 8:1-3). They prided themselves on gnōsis (knowledge), yet denied resurrection—proving their knowledge was counterfeit. True knowledge of God includes resurrection hope. Gnosticism's early forms, devaluing matter and body, may have influenced some Corinthians.

Reflection Questions

  1. What does it mean to 'awake to righteousness'—how are false beliefs like spiritual drunkenness?
  2. How can people possess spiritual gifts yet lack true knowledge of God?
  3. When is shame appropriate in Christian correction—how did Paul use it pastorally?

Original Language Analysis

Greek · 14 words
ἐκνήψατε1 of 14

Awake

G1594

(figuratively) to rouse (oneself) out of stupor

δικαίως2 of 14

to righteousness

G1346

equitably

καὶ3 of 14

and

G2532

and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words

μὴ4 of 14

not

G3361

(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether

ἁμαρτάνετε5 of 14

sin

G264

properly, to miss the mark (and so not share in the prize), i.e., (figuratively) to err, especially (morally) to sin

ἀγνωσίαν6 of 14

not the knowledge

G56

ignorance (properly, the state)

γὰρ7 of 14

for

G1063

properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)

θεοῦ8 of 14

of God

G2316

a deity, especially (with g3588) the supreme divinity; figuratively, a magistrate; exceedingly (by hebraism)

τινες9 of 14

some

G5100

some or any person or object

ἔχουσιν10 of 14

have

G2192

to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio

πρὸς11 of 14

this to

G4314

a preposition of direction; forward to, i.e., toward (with the genitive case, the side of, i.e., pertaining to; with the dative case, by the side of,

ἐντροπὴν12 of 14

shame

G1791

confusion

ὑμῖν13 of 14

your

G5213

to (with or by) you

λέγω14 of 14

I speak

G3004

properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Corinthians. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Corinthians 15:34 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Corinthians 15:34 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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