King James Version

What Does 1 Chronicles 2:53 Mean?

1 Chronicles 2:53 in the King James Version says “And the families of Kirjathjearim; the Ithrites, and the Puhites, and the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; of them came ... — study this verse from 1 Chronicles chapter 2 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And the families of Kirjathjearim; the Ithrites, and the Puhites, and the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; of them came the Zareathites, and the Eshtaulites.

1 Chronicles 2:53 · KJV


Context

51

Salma the father of Bethlehem, Hareph the father of Bethgader.

52

And Shobal the father of Kirjathjearim had sons; Haroeh, and half of the Manahethites. Haroeh: or, Reaiah half: or, half of the Menuchites, or, Hatsihammenuchoth

53

And the families of Kirjathjearim; the Ithrites, and the Puhites, and the Shumathites, and the Mishraites; of them came the Zareathites, and the Eshtaulites.

54

The sons of Salma; Bethlehem, and the Netophathites, Ataroth, the house of Joab, and half of the Manahethites, the Zorites. Ataroth: or, Atarites, or, crowns of the house of Joab

55

And the families of the scribes which dwelt at Jabez; the Tirathites, the Shimeathites, and Suchathites. These are the Kenites that came of Hemath, the father of the house of Rechab.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Genealogical Significance: This verse appears within the Judah's lineage and David's royal line section of Chronicles' genealogical framework. The Hebrew term יְהוּדָה (Yehudah) - praise is central to understanding this passage's purpose. The Chronicler, writing to post-exilic Israel (c. 450-400 BCE), uses these genealogies not merely as historical records but as theological statements about covenant continuity and divine faithfulness.

The genealogical structure serves multiple purposes: (1) establishing Israel's connection to God's creatio n plan from Adam, (2) legitimizing post-exilic community's claim to covenant promises, (3) emphasizing Judah and Levi's special roles in God's redemptive plan, and (4) demonstrating that despite exile, God's covenant purposes continue. The selection and arrangement of names is intentional, highlighting Messianic line through Judah to David.

Chronicles diverges from Genesis and Samuel-Kings in its genealogical presentation, reflecting the Chronicler's distinct theological agenda. Where earlier texts focus on narrative history, Chronicles emphasizes continuity, legitimacy, and hope for restoration. This verse contributes to the larger argument that the post-exilic community is the rightful heir of God's ancient covenant promises.

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Historical & Cultural Context

Post-Exilic Context: The Chronicler wrote during the Persian period (450-400 BCE) to a community returned from Babylonian exile, struggling with identity and purpose. These genealogies answered crucial questions: Who are we? What is our relationship to ancient Israel? Do God's promises still apply to us?

The historical setting influences the text's emphasis on Genealogies of Judah and David's lineage - royal line emphasis. Ancient Near Eastern cultures valued genealogies for establishing land rights, royal legitimacy, and tribal identity. Chronicles' genealogies served similar functions while adding theological depth. The inclusion of specific names and details reflects the author's access to temple archives, royal records, and earlier biblical texts.

Archaeological evidence from Persian-period Judah shows a small, struggling community centered around Jerusalem and the rebuilt temple. The genealogies reinforced their connection to the glorious past and provided hope for future restoration through God's covenant faithfulness.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does understanding genealogies as theological statements rather than mere historical records change your reading of Chronicles and other biblical genealogies?
  2. What does this verse teach about God's faithfulness across generations, and how does that apply to your own family's spiritual legacy?
  3. How does Messianic line through Judah to David connect to the New Testament revelation of Jesus Christ as the fulfillment of Old Testament promises?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 11 words
וּמִשְׁפְּחוֹת֙1 of 11

And the families

H4940

a family, i.e., circle of relatives; figuratively, a class (of persons), a species (of animals) or sort (of things); by extension a tribe or people

קִרְיַ֣ת2 of 11
H0
יְעָרִ֔ים3 of 11

of Kirjathjearim

H7157

kirjath-jearim or kirjath-arim, a place in palestine

הַיִּתְרִי֙4 of 11

the Ithrites

H3505

a jithrite or descendant of jether

וְהַפּוּתִ֔י5 of 11

and the Puhites

H6336

a puthite (collectively) or descendants of an unknown puth

וְהַשֻּֽׁמָתִ֖י6 of 11

and the Shumathites

H8126

a shumathite (collectively) or descendants of shumah

וְהַמִּשְׁרָעִ֑י7 of 11

and the Mishraites

H4954

a mishraite, or inhabitant (collectively) of mishra

מֵאֵ֗לֶּה8 of 11
H428

these or those

יָֽצְאוּ֙9 of 11

of them came

H3318

to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim

הַצָּ֣רְעָתִ֔י10 of 11

the Zareathites

H6882

a tsorite or tsorathite, i.e., inhabitants of tsorah

וְהָאֶשְׁתָּ֖אֻֽלִֽי׃11 of 11

and the Eshtaulites

H848

an eshtaolite (collectively) or inhabitant of eshtaol


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 1 Chronicles. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

1 Chronicles 2:53 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 1 Chronicles 2:53 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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