King James Version

What Does 2 Samuel 23:38 Mean?

2 Samuel 23:38 in the King James Version says “Ira an Ithrite, Gareb an Ithrite,” — study this verse from 2 Samuel chapter 23 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

“Ira an Ithrite, Gareb an Ithrite,”

2 Samuel 23:38 · KJV

Context

36

Igal the son of Nathan of Zobah, Bani the Gadite,

37

Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Beerothite, armourbearer to Joab the son of Zeruiah,

38

Ira an Ithrite, Gareb an Ithrite,

39

Uriah the Hittite: thirty and seven in all.

Read 2 Samuel 23 full chapter

Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Ira an Ithrite, Gareb an Ithrite,

This verse contributes to the narrative of Last Words and Mighty Men, emphasizing legacy, faithful servants. David's last words emphasize the eternal covenant God established (v. 5) and declare principles of righteous rule. The accounts of David's mighty men demonstrate extraordinary courage and devotion. The water-drawing incident reveals David's unwillingness to value his comfort above his soldiers' lives. Theological themes include the importance of final testimonies, the eternal nature of God's covenant, the value of faithful servants, and the necessity of sacrificial leadership.

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Historical & Cultural Context

The historical setting of 2 Samuel 23 occurs during David's reign (circa 1010-970 BCE) over Israel's united monarchy. Archaeological discoveries, including the Tel Dan inscription mentioning the 'House of David,' corroborate biblical historicity. Ancient Near Eastern customs regarding legacy, faithful servants provide crucial background. The geopolitical situation involved regional powers—Philistines, Ammonites, Arameans, Moabites, Edomites—as David consolidated and expanded Israel's territory. Cultural practices concerning kingship, warfare, covenant relationships, family dynamics, and religious observance differed significantly from modern Western contexts, requiring careful attention to avoid anachronistic interpretation while extracting timeless theological principles applicable across cultures and eras.

Reflection Questions

  1. How does this passage deepen your understanding of legacy, faithful servants?
  2. What does this verse reveal about God's character, and how should that shape your worship and obedience?
  3. In what specific ways can you apply this truth to your current circumstances and relationships this week?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 4 words
עִירָא֙1 of 4

“Ira”

H5896

ira, the name of three israelites

הַיִּתְרִֽי׃2 of 4

“an Ithrite”

H3505

a jithrite or descendant of jether

גָּרֵ֖ב3 of 4

“Gareb”

H1619

gareb, the name of an israelite, also of a hill near jerusalem

הַיִּתְרִֽי׃4 of 4

“an Ithrite”

H3505

a jithrite or descendant of jether

Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of 2 Samuel. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

2 Samuel 23:38 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to 2 Samuel 23:38 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

1 Chronicles 2:532 Samuel 20:261 Chronicles 11:40

Places in This Verse

JattirSettlement · Modern: Khirbet Attir · 31.35°N, 35.02°E6 verses across 4 books
View all places in 2 Samuel 23 →

Test Your Knowledge

2 Samuel 23 QuizTest your knowledge of this chapter2 Samuel Book QuizComprehensive quiz for the entire book

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