About Daniel

Daniel demonstrates faithfulness in exile while receiving visions of God's sovereignty over all kingdoms of history.

Author: DanielWritten: c. 535 BCReading time: ~4 minVerses: 30
SovereigntyFaithfulnessProphecyKingdomsPersecutionDeliverance

King James Version

Daniel 3

30 verses with commentary

The Fiery Furnace

Nebuchadnezzar the king made an image of gold, whose height was threescore cubits, and the breadth thereof six cubits: he set it up in the plain of Dura, in the province of Babylon.

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KJV Study Commentary

Nebuchadnezzar erects an enormous golden image 'sixty cubits' high (90 feet) and 'six cubits' broad (9 feet). The proportions (10:1 ratio) suggest this was either a human figure on a tall pedestal or an obelisk-like structure. Gold symbolizes the king's empire (cf. 2:38) but now explicitly demands worship, making literal the metaphorical pride. The location in 'plain of Dura' (Aramaic: biqa, valle...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(1) **An image.**—If this image was made after the manner described (Isaiah 44:9-20), the body was formed of wood, and the whole, when properly shaped, was covered with thin plates of gold. As the height of the whole is disproportionate to the width, it is probable that the height of the pedestal on which the image stood is included under the sixty cubits. **Plain of Dura.**—The older commentators...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**13. it is a trial--**rather, "There is a trial" being made: the sword of the Lord will subject all to the ordeal. "What, then, if it contemn even the rod" (scepter of Judah)? Compare as to a similar scourge of unsparing trial, Job 9:23. **it shall be no more--**the scepter, that is, the state, must necessarily then come to an end. Fulfilled in part at the overthrow of Judah by Nebuchadnezzar, ...
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Then Nebuchadnezzar the king sent to gather together the princes, the governors, and the captains, the judges, the treasurers, the counsellors, the sheriffs, and all the rulers of the provinces, to come to the dedication of the image which Nebuchadnezzar the king had set up.

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KJV Study Commentary

The extensive list of officials—'princes, governors, captains, judges, treasurers, counsellors, sheriffs, and all rulers of the provinces'—emphasizes the ceremony's comprehensive scope. Every level of bureaucracy must attend, ensuring total governmental participation in state religion. This represents the totalitarian impulse to control not just behavior but worship and allegiance. The assembly's ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(2) **Sent**—*i.e.,* sent heralds, as appears from Daniel 3:4. (On the Babylonian officers, see *Exc.* A.)

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14. smite ... hands together--**(Nu 24:10), indicative of the indignant fury with which God will "smite" the people. **sword ... doubled the third time--**referring to the threefold calamity:--(1) The taking of Zedekiah (to whom the "rod," or scepter, may refer); (2) the taking of the city; (3) the removal of all those who remained with Gedaliah. "Doubled" means "multiplied" or "repeated." The...
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Then the princes, the governors, and captains, the judges, the treasurers, the counsellors, the sheriffs, and all the rulers of the provinces, were gathered together unto the dedication of the image that Nebuchadnezzar the king had set up; and they stood before the image that Nebuchadnezzar had set up.

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KJV Study Commentary

The extensive listing of officials—"princes, governors, captains, judges, treasurers, counsellors, sheriffs, and all the rulers of the provinces"—emphasizes the comprehensiveness of Nebuchadnezzar's summons. This exhaustive catalog (repeated in vv. 2-3) stresses that the entire imperial administrative hierarchy was required to attend. The Hebrew terms describe various levels of authority: satraps ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**15. point--**"the whirling glance of the sword" [Fairbairn]. "The naked (bared) sword" [Henderson]. **ruins--**literally, "stumbling-blocks." Their own houses and walls shall be stumbling-blocks in their way, whether they wish to fight or flee. **made bright--**made to glitter. **wrapped, &c.--**namely, in the hand of him who holds the hilt, or in its scabbard, that the edge may not be...
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Then an herald cried aloud, To you it is commanded, O people, nations, and languages, aloud: Cald. with might it: Cald. they command

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KJV Study Commentary

The herald's proclamation 'To you it is commanded, O people, nations, and languages' emphasizes the decree's universal scope. Babylonian empire's multi-ethnic character required explicit address to all groups. The command will demand worship 'when ye hear the sound of' musical instruments, coordinating mass compliance. Music's use in religious manipulation appears throughout history—sensory experi...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(4) **People, nations.**—In Biblical language the latter word is used (Genesis 25:16) of the tribes of Ishmael, each of which had its own head, or of the Midianites (Numbers 25:15). The former is applied to Israel in Psalm 111:6, where occurs the phrase, “people of Jehovah.” The word “languages” is applied (Genesis 10:5; Genesis 10:20, &c.) to tribes as represented by their languages. Hence these ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

16. Apostrophe to the sword. **Go ... one way--**or, "Concentrate thyself"; "Unite thy forces on the right hand" [Grotius]. The sword is commanded to take the nearest route for Jerusalem, "whither their face was set," whether south or north ("right hand or left"), according to where the several parts of the Chaldean host may be. **or other, ... on the left--**rather "set thyself on the left." ...
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That at what time ye hear the sound of the cornet, flute, harp , sackbut, psaltery, dulcimer, and all kinds of musick, ye fall down and worship the golden image that Nebuchadnezzar the king hath set up: dulcimer: or, singing: Cald. symphony

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KJV Study Commentary

The musical instruments listed—'cornet, flute, harp, sackbut, psaltery, dulcimer, and all kinds of musick'—create an overwhelming sensory experience designed to elicit compliance. The Aramaic terms indicate a sophisticated orchestra, suggesting calculated psychological manipulation. When this impressive music sounds, 'ye fall down and worship the golden image' is commanded. The falling prostration...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(5) **The cornet.**—On the musical instruments, see *Exc.* B.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

17. Jehovah Himself smites His hands together, doing what He had commanded Ezekiel to do (see on Eze 21:14), in token of His smiting Jerusalem; compare the similar symbolical action (2Ki 13:18, 19). **cause ... fury to rest--**give it full vent, and so satisfy it (Eze 5:13).

And whoso falleth not down and worshippeth shall the same hour be cast into the midst of a burning fiery furnace.

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KJV Study Commentary

The phrase "whoso falleth not down and worshippeth" uses emphatic negative construction, making compliance mandatory without exception. The threatened punishment "shall the same hour be cast into the midst of a burning fiery furnace" emphasizes immediate, irrevocable judgment. The Aramaic <em>sha'tah hada</em> (שַׁעֲתָא חַדָּא, "the same hour") indicates instant execution without trial or appeal, ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(6) **Shall be cast** . . .—This punishment was not uncommon among the Babylonians. One instance of it is mentioned by Jeremiah (Jeremiah 29:22; see also *Transactions of the Society of Biblical Archœology,* vol. ii., p. 361). The occasion being a national festival, any refusal to worship the national gods would be regarded as high treason. Any foreign subjects would be expected to take part in th...
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Therefore at that time, when all the people heard the sound of the cornet, flute, harp , sackbut, psaltery, and all kinds of musick, all the people, the nations, and the languages, fell down and worshipped the golden image that Nebuchadnezzar the king had set up.

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KJV Study Commentary

The phrase "at that time" marks the moment of testing—when music sounded, immediate worship was required. The comprehensive listing of instruments (repeated throughout the chapter) creates a sense of overwhelming sensory manipulation through coordinated musical performance. Ancient cultures understood music's power to evoke emotion, create unity, and bypass rational thought, making it effective fo...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**19. two ways--**The king coming from Babylon is represented in the graphic style of Ezekiel as reaching the point where the road branched off in two ways, one leading by the south, by Tadmor or Palmyra, to Rabbath of Ammon, east of Jordan; the other by the north, by Riblah in Syria, to Jerusalem--and hesitating which way to take. Ezekiel is told to "appoint the two ways" (as in Eze 4:1); for Neb...
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Wherefore at that time certain Chaldeans came near, and accused the Jews.

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KJV Study Commentary

The phrase "certain Chaldeans came near" introduces accusers who denounced the faithful Jews. The term "Chaldeans" here likely refers to a professional class of wise men or court officials (cf. Daniel 2:2-5) rather than ethnic Chaldeans. Their accusation reveals malicious intent—these were colleagues of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego who likely resented their prominence and sought their destructi...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(8) **Wherefore.**—*i.e.,* because certain Jews were noticed to be absent at the time. It is natural to suppose that the promotion of three men of Jewish extraction would have been viewed with the greatest jealousy by the Babylonian officers, who, no doubt, had been carefully watching their opportunity of revenge. (Comp. Daniel 5:11.) **Chaldeans.**—Not to be confused with the astrologers mentione...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**20. Rabbath of the Ammonites--**distinct from Rabbah in Judah (2Sa 12:26). Rabbath is put first, as it was from her that Jerusalem, that doomed city, had borrowed many of her idols. **to Judah in Jerusalem--**instead of simply putting "Jerusalem," to imply the sword was to come not merely to Judah, but to its people within Jerusalem, defended though it was; its defenses on which the Jews relie...
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They spake and said to the king Nebuchadnezzar, O king, live for ever.

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KJV Study Commentary

The formulaic greeting "O king, live for ever" was standard ancient Near Eastern royal address, expressing wishes for the monarch's immortality and eternal reign. The Aramaic <em>malka le-almin cheyi</em> (מַלְכָּא לְעָלְמִין חֱיִי) literally means "O king, to ages live." While conventional courtesy, the phrase carries irony here: these accusers address a mortal king with quasi-divine honors while...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**21. parting--**literally, "mother of the way." As "head of the two ways" follows, which seems tautology after "parting of the way," Havernick translates, according to Arabic idiom, "the highway," or principal road. English Version is not tautology, "head of the two ways" defining more accurately "parting of the way." **made ... bright--**rather, "shook," from an Arabic root. **arrows--**Divi...
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Thou, O king, hast made a decree, that every man that shall hear the sound of the cornet, flute, harp , sackbut, psaltery, and dulcimer , and all kinds of musick, shall fall down and worship the golden image:

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KJV Study Commentary

The accusers' strategy becomes clear: they quote the king's own decree back to him, reminding him of his authority and the universal obligation to obey. By reciting the full list of instruments and the worship requirement, they emphasize the decree's comprehensiveness—no exceptions, no ambiguity. This rhetorical technique binds Nebuchadnezzar to enforce his own law, making punishment appear as def...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

22. Rather, "In his right hand was [is] the divination," that is, he holds up in his right hand the arrow marked with "Jerusalem," to encourage his army to march for it. **captains--**The Margin, "battering-rams," adopted by Fairbairn, is less appropriate, for "battering-rams" follow presently after [Grotius]. **open the mouth in ... slaughter--**that is, commanding slaughter: raising the war ...
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And whoso falleth not down and worshippeth, that he should be cast into the midst of a burning fiery furnace.

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KJV Study Commentary

The accusers continue reciting the decree, emphasizing the penalty: "cast into the midst of a burning fiery furnace." This brutal punishment method served both execution and terror—the excruciating death and public spectacle warned others against disobedience. The phrase "midst of" (<em>gav</em>, גַּו) emphasizes not merely proximity to fire but being thrown into its center, ensuring immediate dea...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

23. Unto the Jews, though credulous of divinations when in their favor, Nebuchadnezzar's divination "shall be (seen) as false." This gives the reason which makes the Jews fancy themselves safe from the Chaldeans, namely, that they "have sworn" to the latter "oaths" of allegiance, forgetting that they had violated them (Eze 17:13, 15, 16, 18). **but he, &amp;c.--**Nebuchadnezzar will remember in ...
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There are certain Jews whom thou hast set over the affairs of the province of Babylon, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego; these men, O king, have not regarded thee: they serve not thy gods, nor worship the golden image which thou hast set up. have: Cald. have set no regard upon thee

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KJV Study Commentary

Certain Chaldeans maliciously accuse the three Hebrews: 'There are certain Jews whom thou hast set over the affairs of the province of Babylon, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego; these men, O king, have not regarded thee.' The accusation combines religious and ethnic prejudice with political opportunism. Emphasizing 'Jews whom thou hast set over' stokes resentment over foreigners' authority. 'These ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(12) **Whom thou hast set.—**The high position of these men is mentioned partly to explain the king’s anger on account of their supposed ingratitude, and partly to account for the malice and jealousy of their calumniators. But why was Daniel absent from the ceremony? His behaviour some years later (Daniel 6:10) leaves it beyond question that he would not have taken part in any idolatrous rites. Po...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

24. Their unfaithfulness to Nebuchadnezzar was a type of their general unfaithfulness to their covenant God. **with the hand--**namely, of the king of Babylon.

Then Nebuchadnezzar in his rage and fury commanded to bring Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego. Then they brought these men before the king.

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KJV Study Commentary

Nebuchadnezzar's response—'in his rage and fury'—shows personal offense at perceived defiance. Absolute monarchs interpreted resistance to any command as challenge to their authority. Yet he orders them 'brought' rather than immediately executed, suggesting either respect for their previous service or desire to verify the accusation. Royal 'rage and fury' creates a terrifying context for the comin...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**25. profane--**as having desecrated by idolatry and perjury his office as the Lord's anointed. Havernick translates, as in Eze 21:14, "slain," that is, not literally, but virtually; to Ezekiel's idealizing view Zedekiah was the grand victim "pierced through" by God's sword of judgment, as his sons were slain before his eyes, which were then put out, and he was led a captive in chains to Babylon....
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Nebuchadnezzar spake and said unto them, Is it true, O Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, do not ye serve my gods, nor worship the golden image which I have set up? true: or, of purpose

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KJV Study Commentary

The king's question 'Is it true, O Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, do not ye serve my gods, nor worship the golden image which I have set up?' offers opportunity to recant. Nebuchadnezzar possibly hoped the accusation was false, given these men's valuable service. Yet the question's framing—'do not ye serve my gods'—reveals the issue's theological nature. The king claims ownership of deities ('my...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(14) **Is it true?**—Literally, *Is it of design* or *of set purpose that you have done this?*

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**26. diadem--**rather, "the miter" of the holy priest (Ex 28:4; Zec 3:5). His priestly emblem as representative of the priestly people. Both this and "the crown," the emblem of the kingdom, were to be removed, until they should be restored and united in the Mediator, Messiah (Psa 110:2, 4; Zec 6:13), [Fairbairn]. As, however, King Zedekiah alone, not the high priest also, is referred to in the co...
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Now if ye be ready that at what time ye hear the sound of the cornet, flute, harp , sackbut, psaltery, and dulcimer, and all kinds of musick, ye fall down and worship the image which I have made; well: but if ye worship not, ye shall be cast the same hour into the midst of a burning fiery furnace; and who is that God that shall deliver you out of my hands?

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KJV Study Commentary

Nebuchadnezzar offers another chance: 'if ye be ready...when ye hear the sound of the cornet...ye fall down and worship.' The conditional 'if ye be ready' suggests merciful reconsideration. But the arrogant challenge 'who is that God that shall deliver you out of my hands?' reveals utter confidence in human power over divine authority. This directly challenges Yahweh's ability and willingness to s...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(15) **Well.**—The word is not in the Chaldee, where an aposiopesis is to be observed, as in Exodus 32:32. Comp. Luke 13:9. **Who is that God?**—Nebuchadnezzar has so little belief in his own gods that he ranks himself as far above them as above Jehovah. He defies all supernatural powers. Very different is the boast of Sennacherib (Isaiah 36:18-20), who pits his own god Assur against Jehovah.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

27. Literally, "An overturning, overturning, overturning, will I make it." The threefold repetition denotes the awful certainty of the event; not as Rosenmuller explains, the overthrow of the three, Jehoiakim, Jeconiah, and Zedekiah; for Zedekiah alone is referred to. **it shall be no more, until he come whose right it is--**strikingly parallel to Ge 49:10. Nowhere shall there be rest or permane...
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Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, answered and said to the king, O Nebuchadnezzar, we are not careful to answer thee in this matter.

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KJV Study Commentary

The three men's response 'O Nebuchadnezzar, we are not careful to answer thee in this matter' demonstrates remarkable courage and conviction. 'Not careful' (Aramaic: la chashchin, not anxious/worried) doesn't mean disrespectful but rather confident peace about the outcome. They don't need time to deliberate, strategize, or negotiate—the answer is clear because their allegiance is settled. This con...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(16) **O Nebuchadnezzar.—**They mention the king by name, so as to make their address correspond with his (Daniel 3:14). His attention would in this way be directed to the strong antithesis between his statement (Daniel 3:15) and theirs (Daniel 3:17). Great though the distinction was between king and subject in such a country as Babylon, yet that distinction was lost when any collision occurred be...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

28. Lest Ammon should think to escape because Nebuchadnezzar had taken the route to Jerusalem, Ezekiel denounces judgment against Ammon, without the prospect of a restoration such as awaited Israel. Jr 49:6, it is true, speaks of a "bringing again of its captivity," but this probably refers to its spiritual restoration under Messiah; or, if referring to it politically, must refer to but a partial ...
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If it be so, our God whom we serve is able to deliver us from the burning fiery furnace, and he will deliver us out of thine hand, O king.

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KJV Study Commentary

The Hebrew phrase <em>hen itai</em> (הֵן אִיתַי, "If it be so") expresses confident trust rather than doubt—"If this is to be the case" or "Our God whom we serve is able." The Aramaic <em>yakil leshezavutana</em> (יָכִל לְשֵׁזָבוּתָנָא) means "is able to deliver us," emphasizing divine power and capacity. The threefold description—"our God," "whom we serve," and "is able"—establishes their relatio...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(17) **If** **it be so.**—The meaning becomes clearer by omitting the word “so.” The sentence will then stand as follows: “If our God is able to deliver us . . . then He will do so; but if He does not deliver us, be assured that we will not serve thy gods.” The three holy children are quite content to leave the whole matter in the hands of Providence. They know that the law of obedience is the fir...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**29. see vanity ... divine a lie--**Ammon, too, had false diviners who flattered them with assurances of safety; the only result of which will be to "bring Ammon upon the necks," &amp;c., that is, to add the Ammonites to the headless trunks of the slain of Judah, whose bad example Ammon followed, and "whose day" of visitation for their guilt "is come." **when their iniquity shall have an end--*...
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But if not, be it known unto thee, O king, that we will not serve thy gods, nor worship the golden image which thou hast set up.

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KJV Study Commentary

The devastating phrase "But if not" (<em>vehen la</em>, וְהֵן לָא) introduces one of Scripture's most powerful declarations of unconditional faith. After affirming God's ability to deliver (v. 17), the three Hebrews now address the possibility that God may choose not to rescue them from the furnace. The conjunction "but" marks a crucial pivot—their faith doesn't depend on receiving the outcome the...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**30. Shall I cause it to return into his sheath--**namely, without first destroying Ammon. Certainly not (Jr 47:6, 7). Others, as the Margin, less suitably read it imperatively, "Cause it to return," that is, after it has done the work appointed to it. **in the land of thy nativity--**Ammon was not to be carried away captive as Judah, but to perish in his own land.

Then was Nebuchadnezzar full of fury, and the form of his visage was changed against Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego: therefore he spake, and commanded that they should heat the furnace one seven times more than it was wont to be heated. full: Cald. filled

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KJV Study Commentary

Nebuchadnezzar's rage-filled response—'the form of his visage was changed' and he commands heating the furnace 'seven times more than it was wont to be heated'—reveals wounded pride. The physiological detail of his contorted face shows fury overcoming royal composure. Ordering the furnace heated seven times hotter demonstrates irrational anger—the goal is painful death, not just execution. 'Seven ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(19) **One seven times.—**It is doubtful whether “seven” is used here as a round number or not. According to the Babylonian mythology, there were seven demons, named “Maskim,” who were the most formidable of the infernal powers. Perhaps the number “seven” has a reference to them, for the religious nature of the punishment favours the view that the overheating of the furnace was regarded as a relig...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**31. blow against thee in, &amp;c.--**rather, "blow upon thee with the fire," &amp;c. Image from smelting metals (Eze 22:20, 21). **brutish--**ferocious. **skilful to destroy--**literally, "artificers of destruction"; alluding to Is 54:16.

And he commanded the most mighty men that were in his army to bind Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, and to cast them into the burning fiery furnace. most: Cald. mighty of strength

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KJV Study Commentary

Commanding 'the most mighty men that were in his army to bind' three unarmed prisoners shows both paranoia and theatrical cruelty. Using elite soldiers to restrain three civilians demonstrates no real threat—the king wants overwhelming force to humiliate and terrify. This excessive display reveals insecure authority requiring force to maintain control. The binding before throwing into the furnace ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(20) **The most mighty men.—**He selected these as being the most likely to be able to bear the unusual heat of the fire. Whether he had any expectation that some attempt at a rescue would be made does not appear. We may gather, however, that the army was present at this horrible tragedy.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**32. thy blood shall be--**that is, shall flow. **be no more remembered--**be consigned as a nation to oblivion.

Then these men were bound in their coats, their hosen , and their hats, and their other garments, and were cast into the midst of the burning fiery furnace. coats: or, mantles hats: or, turbans

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KJV Study Commentary

The detailed listing of garments—'coats, hosen, hats, and other garments'—emphasizes the haste of execution and the fire's intensity. Normal procedure would remove clothing; executing them fully dressed shows fury overriding standard practice. The detail also prepares readers for the miracle—these flammable materials should have burned immediately, yet later they emerge completely unsinged (v. 27)...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(21) **Their coats.—**The dresses spoken of here correspond with what Herodotus tells us (i. 195) of the Babylonian costume. As far as can be determined from the etymology of the words, the “coat” was an under-clothing, which covered the whole body; the “hose” was some species of tunic—something “spread out” over the under-clothing; the “hat” (the only one of the three words of which no Hebrew roo...
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Therefore because the king's commandment was urgent, and the furnace exceeding hot, the flame of the fire slew those men that took up Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego. commandment: Cald. word flame: or, spark

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KJV Study Commentary

This verse reveals the terrible irony of persecution: "the flame of the fire slew those men that took up Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego." The executioners died while the condemned lived—a dramatic reversal demonstrating divine intervention. The phrase "because the king's commandment was urgent" (<em>min-di milath malka machtzephah</em>, מִן־דִּי מִלַּת מַלְכָּא מַחְצְפָה) indicates the king's fu...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(22) **Urgent.**—The same word is translated *hasty* (Daniel 2:15). The king’s command had been uttered while he was in a furious rage, and in consequence of this, the furnace was raised to so high a temperature that the executioners were slain. The death of the executioners forms an evident contrast with the deliverance of those who had been sentenced to die.

And these three men, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, fell down bound into the midst of the burning fiery furnace.

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KJV Study Commentary

The phrase 'these three men...fell down bound into the midst of the burning fiery furnace' represents complete human helplessness and apparent abandonment to destruction. 'Fell down bound' emphasizes their inability to save themselves. 'Midst of the burning fiery furnace' indicates total immersion in deadly circumstances. From human perspective, this is the end—no escape, no human help possible. Y...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 22 Eze 22:1-31. God's Judgment on the Sinfulness of Jerusalem. Repetition of the charges in the twentieth chapter; only that there they were stated in an historical review of the past and present; here the present sins of the nation exclusively are brought forward. 2. See Eze 20:4; that is, "Wilt thou not judge?" &amp;c. (compare Eze 23:36). **the bloody city--**literally, "the city ...
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Then Nebuchadnezzar the king was astonied, and rose up in haste, and spake, and said unto his counsellors, Did not we cast three men bound into the midst of the fire? They answered and said unto the king, True, O king. counsellors: or, governors

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KJV Study Commentary

Nebuchadnezzar's amazement—'Did not we cast three men bound into the midst of the fire?'—begins his recognition of divine intervention. The question to his counselors seeks confirmation of what he commanded, establishing baseline reality before describing the impossible. His astonishment shows even hostile authorities can recognize God's supernatural work. The repetition of details (three men, bou...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(24) **Was astonied.—**He had been watching the proceedings from a distance through the “mouth” (Daniel 3:26), which was in the side of the furnace.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**3. sheddeth blood ... that her time may come--**Instead of deriving advantage from her bloody sacrifices to idols, she only thereby brought on herself "the time" of her punishment. **against herself--**(Pr 8:36).

He answered and said, Lo, I see four men loose, walking in the midst of the fire, and they have no hurt; and the form of the fourth is like the Son of God. they: Cald. there is no hurt in them

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KJV Study Commentary

The Aramaic phrase "the form of the fourth" (<em>reviai</em>, רְבִיעָאָה) literally means "the fourth one," while "is like the Son of God" (<em>domeh l'var-elahin</em>, דָּמֵה לְבַר־אֱלָהִין) can be translated "resembles a son of the gods" (pagan interpretation) or "the Son of God" (Christian interpretation). Nebuchadnezzar, speaking from a polytheistic worldview, likely meant "a divine being" or ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(25) **The Son** **of** **God.—**These words, let us remember, are uttered by a heathen king, who calls this same Person, in Daniel 3:28, “an angel” of the God whom the three children worshipped. Probably Nebuchadnezzar thought that He stood to Jehovah in the same relation that he himself did to Merodach. His conceptions of the power of Jehovah were evidently raised by what he had witnessed, thoug...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**4. thy days--**the shorter period, namely, that of the siege. **thy years--**the longer period of the captivity. The "days" and "years" express that she is ripe for punishment.

Then Nebuchadnezzar came near to the mouth of the burning fiery furnace, and spake, and said, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, ye servants of the most high God, come forth, and come hither. Then Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, came forth of the midst of the fire. mouth: Cald. door

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KJV Study Commentary

Nebuchadnezzar's address—'Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, ye servants of the most high God, come forth'—represents stunning transformation. Earlier he challenged 'who is that God that shall deliver you out of my hands?' (v. 15); now he acknowledges 'the most high God.' Using their Babylonian names shows he still thinks in pagan categories, but calling them 'servants of the most high God' recogniz...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**5. infamous--**They mockingly call thee, "Thou polluted one in name (Margin), and full of confusion" [Fairbairn], (referring to the tumultuous violence prevalent in it). Thus the nations "far and near" mocked her as at once sullied in character and in actual fact lawless. What a sad contrast to the Jerusalem once designated "the holy city!"

And the princes, governors, and captains, and the king's counsellors, being gathered together, saw these men, upon whose bodies the fire had no power, nor was an hair of their head singed, neither were their coats changed, nor the smell of fire had passed on them.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And the princes, governors, and captains, and the king's counsellors, being gathered together, saw these men, upon whose bodies the fire had no power</strong>—The Aramaic emphasizes miraculous preservation through accumulation of evidence. The fire had <strong>no power</strong> (<em>la-shalet</em>, לָא־שָׁלֵט, "did not rule/have dominion") over their bodies. <strong>Nor was an hair of thei...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

6. Rather, "The princes ... each according to his power, were in thee, to shed blood" (as if this was the only object of their existence). "Power," literally, "arm"; they, who ought to have been patterns of justice, made their own arm of might their only law.

Then Nebuchadnezzar spake, and said, Blessed be the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, who hath sent his angel, and delivered his servants that trusted in him, and have changed the king's word, and yielded their bodies, that they might not serve nor worship any god, except their own God.

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KJV Study Commentary

Nebuchadnezzar's theological declaration 'Blessed be the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, who hath sent his angel, and delivered his servants that trusted in him' shows remarkable understanding. He recognizes divine action ('sent his angel'), the means of deliverance (angel), the recipients (God's servants), and the ground of deliverance (trust in God). Yet notice: still 'God of' these men,...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(28) **Have changed.**—Literally, have transgressed.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**7. set light by--**Children have made light of, disrespected, father ... (De 27:16). At Eze 22:7-12 are enumerated the sins committed in violation of Moses' law.

Therefore I make a decree, That every people, nation, and language, which speak any thing amiss against the God of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, shall be cut in pieces, and their houses shall be made a dunghill: because there is no other God that can deliver after this sort. I make: Cald. a decree is made by me any: Cald. error cut: Cald. made pieces

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KJV Study Commentary

Nebuchadnezzar's decree demonstrates how God's deliverance of the faithful can lead to broader testimony and even legal protection for believers. The phrase "any people, nation, or language" emphasizes the decree's universal scope throughout the Babylonian Empire, making blasphemy against Yahweh a capital crime. While this doesn't indicate Nebuchadnezzar's full conversion to exclusive Yahweh worsh...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(29*)* **Anything amiss.**—The marginal version is to be preferred.

Then the king promoted Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, in the province of Babylon. promoted: Cald. made to prosper

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KJV Study Commentary

The chapter concludes with Nebuchadnezzar promoting 'Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego, in the province of Babylon.' The same king who commanded their execution now elevates them. This dramatic reversal fulfills the pattern throughout Scripture: God exalts the humble who maintain faithfulness regardless of consequences (James 4:10; 1 Peter 5:6). Their promotion serves multiple purposes: rewards fait...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(30) **Promoted**—*i.e.,* he reinstated them to their former posts, from which they had been temporarily deposed. **Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers Text Courtesy of BibleSupport.com. Used by Permission. **Bible Hub

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**9. men that carry tales--**informers, who by misrepresentations cause innocent blood to be shed (Le 19:16). Literally, "one who goes to and fro as a merchant."

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