About 1 Chronicles

1 Chronicles retells Israel's history from Adam to David, emphasizing the temple, worship, and the Davidic covenant for the returned exiles.

Author: Ezra (traditionally)Written: c. 450-400 BCReading time: ~5 minVerses: 40
GenealogyTempleWorshipDavidic LineDivine FaithfulnessPreparation

King James Version

1 Chronicles 12

40 verses with commentary

Warriors Join David

Now these are they that came to David to Ziklag, while he yet kept himself close because of Saul the son of Kish: and they were among the mighty men, helpers of the war. while: Heb. being yet shut up

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(1-7) Men of Benjamin and Judah who joined David at Ziklag. (Comp. 1 Samuel 27) (1) **To Ziklag.**—A place within the territory of Judah allotted to Simeon (Joshua 19:5; 1Chronicles 4:30). The Philistines seized it, and Achish of Gath gave it to David, whose headquarters it remained sixteen months, until the death of Saul. **While he yet kept himself close.**—The Hebrew is concise and obscure, but...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
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They were armed with bows, and could use both the right hand and the left in hurling stones and shooting arrows out of a bow, even of Saul's brethren of Benjamin.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(2) **Armed with bows.**—Literally, *drawers of the bow* (2Chronicles 17:17). **And could use.**—They were ambidextrous “with stones, and with arrows on the bow.” The left-handed slingers of Benjamin were famous from of old. (Comp. Judges 20:16, and also 1Chronicles 3:15.) **Of Saul’s brethren**—*i.e.,* his fellow-tribesmen. **Of Benjamin** is added to make it clear that Saul’s immediate kinsmen a...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**5. four, of Bath-shua the daughter of Ammiel--**or, "Bath-sheba" (2Sa 11:3), and there her father is called "Eliam." Of course Solomon was not her "only son," but he is called so (Pr 4:3) from the distinguished affection of which he was the object; and though the oldest, he is named the last of Bath-sheba's children.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
Read full commentary →

The chief was Ahiezer, then Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; and Jeziel, and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; and Berachah, and Jehu the Antothite, Shemaah: or, Hasmaah

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(3) **The chief was Ahiezer.**—Captain of the band. Heb., *head.* **Shemaah.**—Heb., *Hashshemaah.* **The Gibeathite.**—Of “Gibeah of Saul,” between Ramah and Anathoth (Isaiah 10:29); also called “Gibeah of Benjamin” (1Chronicles 11:31; Judges 20:4). **Jeziel.**—So Hebrew margin; Hebrew text, *Jezûel.* (Comp. Peniel and Penuel.) **Azmaveth.**—Perhaps the warrior of Bahurim (1Chronicles 11:33). **J...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**6. Elishama and Eliphelet--**Two sons of the same name are twice mentioned (1Ch 3:8). They were the children of different mothers, and had probably some title or epithet appended by which the one was distinguished from the other. Or, it might be, that the former two were dead, and their names had been given to sons afterwards born to preserve their memories.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
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And Ismaiah the Gibeonite, a mighty man among the thirty, and over the thirty; and Jeremiah, and Jahaziel, and Johanan, and Josabad the Gederathite,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Ismaiah the Gibeonite, a mighty man among the thirty, and over the thirty</strong>—A Gibeonite leading Israelite warriors is extraordinary. Gibeon had gained covenant status through deception (Josh 9), yet here a Gibeonite commands troops. The Hebrew construction emphasizes his dual role: <em>baggibborim</em> ('among the mighty') and <em>al-hasheloshim</em> ('over the thirty').<br><br>This...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(4) **Ismaiah the Gibeonite.**—Gibeon belonged to Benjamin (1Chronicles 9:35), and 1Chronicles 12:2 proves that Ismaiah was a Benjamite, not a Gibeonite in the strict sense of the term. **A mighty man among the thirty.**—The “thirty” must be the famous corps (1Chronicles 11:25). Ismaiah’s name does not occur in the catalogue, perhaps because he died before it was drawn up. **Over the thirty** may ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
Read full commentary →

Eluzai, and Jerimoth, and Bealiah, and Shemariah, and Shephatiah the Haruphite,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(5) **Jerimoth.**—A Benjamite name (1Chronicles 7:7-8). **Bealiah.**—*Baal is Jah.* (Comp. Note on 1Chronicles 8:33.) Such names indicate that “Baal” was once a title of the God of Israel. **The Haruphite.**—Nehemiah 7:24 mentions the “sons of Hariph” just before the “sons of Gibeon.” The Hebrew margin here is “*Hariphite*.”

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**8. nine--**The number of David's sons born after his removal to Jerusalem, was eleven (2Sa 5:14), but only nine are mentioned here: two of them being omitted, either in consequence of their early deaths or because they left no issue. 1Ch 3:10-16. His Line to Zedekiah.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
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Elkanah, and Jesiah, and Azareel, and Joezer, and Jashobeam, the Korhites,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(6) Five members of the Levitical clan Korah. The name “Elkanah” occurs thrice in the lineage of Heman, the Korhite musician (1Chronicles 6:33 ff.), and in that of Samuel (1Chronicles 6:22 ff.). **Jesiah.**—Heb., *Yishshiyāhû; *“Jahu is ray possession.” (Comp. Psalm 16:5.) **Azareel** is a priestly name. (See Nehemiah 11:13.) There must have been Levites about the Tabernacle at Gibeon. But these K...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
Read full commentary →

And Joelah, and Zebadiah, the sons of Jeroham of Gedor.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(7) **Sons of Jeroham of Gedor.**—Jeroham is the name of a Benjamite clan (1Chronicles 8:27); and two Benjamite chiefs are called “Zebadiah” (1Chronicles 8:15; 1Chronicles 8:17). On the other hand, “Gedor” was a town of Judah, south-west of Bethlehem (1Chronicles 4:4). Some account for the appearance of Judæan names in a list purporting to relate to Benjaminites, by the assumption that the chronic...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**10. Solomon's son was Rehoboam, &amp;c.--**David's line is here drawn down to the captivity, through a succession of good and bad, but still influential and celebrated, monarchs. It has rarely happened that a crown has been transmitted from father to son, in lineal descent, for seventeen reigns. But this was the promised reward of David's piety. There is, indeed, observable some vacillation towa...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
Read full commentary →

And of the Gadites there separated themselves unto David into the hold to the wilderness men of might, and men of war fit for the battle, that could handle shield and buckler, whose faces were like the faces of lions, and were as swift as the roes upon the mountains; of war: Heb. of the host as swift: Heb. as the roes upon the mountains to make haste

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(8-18) A. list of Gadites, and an account of a band of Judæans and Benjammites who joined David in the stronghold (1Chronicles 11:14) towards the desert of Judah. (8) **Separated themselves** from the royalists of Gad, who clung to Saul. **Into the hold to** (towards) **the wilderness.**—Perhaps the cave of Adullam (1Samuel 22:1; 1Samuel 22:4), or one of David’s other haunts, the wooded Mount of H...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
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Ezer the first, Obadiah the second, Eliab the third,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(9) **The first.**—*The chief* 1Chronicles 12:3 (*har’osh*)*.* (9-13) Eleven heroes of Gad.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
Read full commentary →

Mishmannah the fourth, Jeremiah the fifth,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
Read full commentary →

Attai the sixth, Eliel the seventh,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
Read full commentary →

Johanan the eighth, Elzabad the ninth,

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
Read full commentary →

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**15. Zedekiah--**called the son of Josiah (compare Jr 1:3; 37:1), but in 2Ch 36:19 he is described as the brother of Jehoiachin, who was the son of Jehoiakim, and consequently the grandson of Josiah. Words expressive of affinity or relationship are used with great latitude in the Hebrew. **Shallum--**No king of this name is mentioned in the history of Josiah's sons (2Ki 14:1-29; 23:1-37), but t...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
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Jeremiah the tenth, Machbanai the eleventh .

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
Read full commentary →

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
Read full commentary →

These were of the sons of Gad, captains of the host: one of the least was over an hundred, and the greatest over a thousand. one: or, one that was least could resist an hundred, and the greatest a thousand

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>One of the least was over an hundred, and the greatest over a thousand</strong>—The Hebrew <em>qatan</em> ('least') and <em>gadol</em> ('greatest') establish military ranking by capability. Even the 'junior' Gadite officers commanded substantial forces. These warriors from east of Jordan crossed during flood stage (v.15) to join David, demonstrating extraordinary commitment.<br><br>This ve...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(14) **These were.**—Subscription. **Captains of the host.**—Literally, *heads of the host, i.e.,* chief warriors. **One of the least was over an hundred.**—The margin is correct. David’s band at this time was about 600 strong. The rendering of the text is that of the Syr. and Vulg. The LXX. closely intimates the Heb. εἷς τοῖς ἑκατὸν μικρὸς κτλ. For the true meaning, comp. Deuteronomy 32:30; and L...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**17. the sons of Jeconiah; Assir--**rather, "Jeconiah the prisoner," or "captive." This record of his condition was added to show that Salathiel was born during the captivity in Babylon (compare Mt 1:12). Jeconiah was written childless (Jr 22:30), a prediction which (as the words that follow explain) meant that this unfortunate monarch should have no son succeeding him on the throne.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
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These are they that went over Jordan in the first month, when it had overflown all his banks ; and they put to flight all them of the valleys, both toward the east, and toward the west. overflown: Heb. filled over

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(15) **When it had overflown.**—A proof of their valour. They did not wait till summer had made the Jordan shallow, but crossed it in spring, when perilously swollen with the rains and the melted snows of Lebanon. (Comp. Joshua 3:15.) **In the** **first** **month,**—March—April; in Heb, A bib or Nisan. **Had overflown.***—Was fillıng or brimming over.* **And they put to flight all . . . the valley...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**18. Malchiram also--**As far as Jeconiah, everything is plain; but there is reason to suspect that the text in the subsequent verses has been dislocated and disarranged. The object of the sacred historian is to trace the royal line through Zerubbabel; yet, according to the present reading, the genealogical stem cannot be drawn from Jeconiah downwards. The following arrangement of the text is giv...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
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And there came of the children of Benjamin and Judah to the hold unto David.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(16-18) Some Benjamite and Judæan accessions. The names are not given, why we cannot tell. (16) **To the hold.**—See Note on 1Chronicles 12:8.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
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And David went out to meet them, and answered and said unto them, If ye be come peaceably unto me to help me, mine heart shall be knit unto you: but if ye be come to betray me to mine enemies, seeing there is no wrong in mine hands, the God of our fathers look thereon, and rebuke it. to meet: Heb. before them be knit: Heb. be one wrong: or, violence

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(17) **And David went out to meet them.**—From his fastness or hiding-place in the hill or wood. Literally, *before them, i.e.,* confronted them. (Comp, same phrase, 1Chronicles 14:8.) **And answered and said unto them.**—The familiar New Testament phrase, καὶ ὰποκριθϵὶς ϵἰπϵν αύτοῖς. David’s speech and the answer of Amasai have all the marks of a genuine survival of antiquity. “If for peace ye ha...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
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Then the spirit came upon Amasai, who was chief of the captains , and he said, Thine are we, David, and on thy side, thou son of Jesse: peace, peace be unto thee, and peace be to thine helpers; for thy God helpeth thee. Then David received them, and made them captains of the band. came: Heb. clothed

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KJV Study Commentary

Amasai's Spirit-inspired declaration 'Thine are we, David, and on thy side, thou son of Jesse: peace, peace be unto thee, and peace be to thine helpers; for thy God helpeth thee' demonstrates covenant allegiance. The phrase 'the Spirit came upon Amasai' shows divine enablement for this confession. The threefold 'peace' (shalom) pronouncement extends blessing. Most significantly, the reason clause ...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(18) **Then the spirit came upon Amasai.**—Literally, *and spirit clothed Amasai*. The term for “God” (Elohim) has probably fallen out of the Heb. ext. (Comp. 2Chronicles 24:20, and Judges 6:34.) We, in these days, may word it differently, and say, Under a sudden impulse of enthusiasm, Amasai exclaimed, &c. But if we look deeper, and seek a definite interpretation of our terms, we shall allow that...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
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And there fell some of Manasseh to David, when he came with the Philistines against Saul to battle: but they helped them not: for the lords of the Philistines upon advisement sent him away, saying, He will fall to his master Saul to the jeopardy of our heads. to the: Heb. on our heads

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
Read full commentary →

Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(19-22) The seven Manassite chieftains who went over to David on the eve of Saul’s last battle. (19) **There fell.**—The regular term for desertion of one cause for another (2Kings 25:11). **When he came with the Philistines**.—(Comp. 1Samuel 29:2-11.) This verse is a summary of the narrative of 1Samuel 29:2 to 1Samuel 30:1. **They helped them not.**—David and his men helped not the Philistines. P...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
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As he went to Ziklag, there fell to him of Manasseh, Adnah, and Jozabad, and Jediael, and Michael, and Jozabad, and Elihu, and Zilthai, captains of the thousands that were of Manasseh.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(20) **As he went to Ziklag.**—On his dismissal by the Philistine princes, David returned with his men to Ziklag (1Samuel 30:1). On the way he was joined by the Manassite chieftains, probably before the battle which decided the fate of Saul and his sons (1Samuel 29:11). **Jozabad.**—The repetition may be a scribe’s error. (Comp. 1Chronicles 12:10; 1Chronicles 12:13, where we find the name Jeremiah...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
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And they helped David against the band of the rovers: for they were all mighty men of valour, and were captains in the host. against: or, with a band

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(21) **And they helped David against the band of the rovers.**—So the Vulg. and Syr. The Heb. text has been called “brief and unintelligible,” and its explanation has been sought in 1Samuel 30:8; 1Samuel 30:15, where “the band” (haggedûd, as here) of Amalek, which had captured and burnt Ziklag in David’s absence, is spoken of. But why may we not render, “And these helped David *over* the band,” *i...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
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For at that time day by day there came to David to help him, until it was a great host, like the host of God.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(22) **For at that time day by day . . .**—Literally, *For at the time of each day* (*i.e.*, every day) *men used to come to David to help him; amounting to a mighty camp, like a camp of God*. The verse explains why David required so many captains as have been enumerated, and why the term “army” was used of his troop in the last verse. **A great host, like the host of God.**—Literally, *camp.* The...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

Chapter 12 Chapter Outline Those who came to David at Ziklag.(1-22) Those who came to Hebron.(23-40) **Verses 1-22** Here is an account of those who appeared and acted as David's friends, while he was persecuted. No difficulties or dangers should keep the sinner from coming to the Savior, nor drive the believer from the path of duty. Those who break through, and overcome in these...
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David's Army at Hebron

And these are the numbers of the bands that were ready armed to the war, and came to David to Hebron, to turn the kingdom of Saul to him, according to the word of the LORD. bands: or, captains, or, men: Heb. heads

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

**II. THE NUMBER OF THE WARRIORS WHO MADE DAVID KING IN HEBRON AFTER SAUL’S **DEATH (1Chronicles 12:23-40). (23) **And these are the numbers of the bands that were ready armed to the war.**—Literally, *And these are the numbers of the heads of the equipped for warfare*. “Heads” may mean (1) polls, or individuals, as in Judges 5:30, though “skull” (*gulgōleth*) is more usual in this sense; or (2) i...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

CHAPTER 4 1Ch 4:1-8. Posterity of Judah by Caleb the Son of Hur. **1. the sons of Judah--**that is, "the descendants," for with the exception of Pharez, none of those here mentioned were his immediate sons. Indeed, the others are mentioned solely to introduce the name of Shobal, whose genealogy the historian intended to trace (1Ch 2:52). 1Ch 4:9-20. Of Jabez, and His Prayer.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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The children of Judah that bare shield and spear were six thousand and eight hundred, ready armed to the war. armed: or, prepared

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>The children of Judah that bare shield and spear were six thousand and eight hundred, ready armed to the war</strong>—The Hebrew <em>chaluts tsaba</em> ('armed for war') means battle-equipped and prepared. This census of David's supporters at Hebron documents the coalition that made him king. Judah's relatively small contingent (compared to other tribes) is striking—David's support came fr...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(24) **The sons of Judah.**—The following list proceeds from south to north, and then passes over to the trans-Jordanic tribes. **That bare shield and spear.**—Comp. 1Chronicles 12:8. **Ready armed to the war.**—*Equipped for war fare.* The tribe of Judah, which had acknowledged the sovereignty of David for the last seven years, had no need to appear in full force on the occasion of his recognitio...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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Of the children of Simeon, mighty men of valour for the war, seven thousand and one hundred.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(25) **Mighty men of valour for the war.**—Rather, for warfare, or military service.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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Of the children of Levi four thousand and six hundred.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(26) **Of the children of Levi -**Literally, *Of the sons of the Levite*; the article shows that the name is gentilic or tribal here, not personal. These martial Levites remind us of the priestly warriors of the crusades. That Levites might be soldiers, and in fact must have been such for the defence of the sanctuaries, is noted at 1Chronicles 9:13; 1Chronicles 9:19, and 2 Chronicles 23.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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And Jehoiada was the leader of the Aaronites, and with him were three thousand and seven hundred;

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(27) **And Jehoiada . . .**—Literally, And Jehoiada *the prince *(*hannagîd*, 1Chronicles 9:11; 1Chronicles 9:20) *belonging to Aaron*. Aaronis used as the name of the leading clan of Levi. Jehoiada is perhaps father of the Benaiah of 1Chronicles 11:22. He was not high priest (Abiathar, 1Samuel 23:9), but head of the warriors of his clan. It is not clear whether the 3,700 are included in the 4,600...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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And Zadok, a young man mighty of valour, and of his father's house twenty and two captains.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(28) **And Zadok, a young man mighty of valour.**—*And Zadok, a youth, a valiant warrior.* Perhaps the successor of Abiathar (1Kings 2:26-27; 1Kings 4:4), and his father-house (family), princes twenty and two. The sub-clan or family of Eleazar must have been strong at this time to be able to furnish all these captains, and their implied companies of warriors. But the sum total of the Levites is no...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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And of the children of Benjamin, the kindred of Saul, three thousand: for hitherto the greatest part of them had kept the ward of the house of Saul. kindred: Heb. brethren the greatest: Heb. a multitude of them

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(29) **Kindred.**—Fellow-tribesmen. **Hitherto.**—*Up to that time.* (Comp., same phrase, 1Chronicles 9:18.) **Had kept.**—*Were still keeping guard over the house of Saul*. For the phrase comp. Numbers 3:38. The Benjamites, as a whole, were still jealously guarding the interests of their own royal house. This remark, as well as the preceding expression, “Saul’s fellow-tribesmen,” is intended to e...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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And of the children of Ephraim twenty thousand and eight hundred, mighty men of valour, famous throughout the house of their fathers. famous: Heb. men of names

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(30) **Famous throughout the house of their fathers.**—Rather, *men of name* (renown, as in Genesis 6:4), arranged *according to their clans*. The phrase “men of renown” is a natural addition to “valiant heroes,” and need occasion no surprise. Doubtless their renown was collective. The comparative smallness of Ephraim’s contingent is noticeable. If this tribe was not already declining within the M...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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And of the half tribe of Manasseh eighteen thousand, which were expressed by name, to come and make David king.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(31) **Which were expressed by name.**—See the same phrase, 1Chronicles 16:41; Numbers 1:17. Literally it is *pricked down,* or entered in a list, *by names*. The men had been levied by the tribal chiefs, and enrolled in lists for this particular service.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**9-10. Jabez--**was, as many think, the son of Coz, or Kenaz, and is here eulogized for his sincere and fervent piety, as well, perhaps, as for some public and patriotic works which he performed. The Jewish writers affirm that he was an eminent doctor in the law, whose reputation drew so many scribes around him that a town was called by his name (1Ch 2:55); and to the piety of his character this ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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And of the children of Issachar, which were men that had understanding of the times, to know what Israel ought to do; the heads of them were two hundred; and all their brethren were at their commandment.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(32) **And of the children of Issachar . . .**—Rather***,*** And of the sons of Issachar (*came*) men sage in discernment for the times (*tempora, critical junctures*)*,* so as to know what Israel ought to do; viz., their chiefs two hundred (in number), and all their fellow clansmen under their orders. The old Jewish expositors concluded, from the former part of this verse that the tribe of Issach...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**9-10. Jabez--**was, as many think, the son of Coz, or Kenaz, and is here eulogized for his sincere and fervent piety, as well, perhaps, as for some public and patriotic works which he performed. The Jewish writers affirm that he was an eminent doctor in the law, whose reputation drew so many scribes around him that a town was called by his name (1Ch 2:55); and to the piety of his character this ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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Of Zebulun, such as went forth to battle, expert in war, with all instruments of war, fifty thousand, which could keep rank: they were not of double heart. expert: or, rangers of battle, or, ranged in battle keep: or, set the battle in array not: Heb. without a heart and a heart

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(33) **Expert in war . . .** *Marshalling* (or ordering) *battle with all kinds of weapons of war, and falling into rank* (*la’adōr*, forming in line) without a double heart. The expression “falling into rank” occurs only here and in 1Chronicles 12:38. Nine MSS. read instead “ helping “ (*la’zōr*), and the LXX. and Vulg. so translate. The Syriac has “to make war with those who disputed the sovrant...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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And of Naphtali a thousand captains, and with them with shield and spear thirty and seven thousand.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>And of Naphtali a thousand captains, and with them with shield and spear thirty and seven thousand</strong>—Naphtali's contingent featured unusual leadership density: 1,000 <em>sarim</em> ('commanders') leading 37,000 troops. This suggests a well-organized military structure with approximately 37 men per commander. Their northern location meant they traveled farthest to support David.<br><...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(34) **Spear** (*hănîth*).—A different word from that in 1Chronicles 12:24 (*rômah*). Perhaps the former was thrown, the latter thrust.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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And of the Danites expert in war twenty and eight thousand and six hundred.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(35) **The Danites.**—Literally, the *Danite*, as in 1Chronicles 12:26, the *Levite*. Comp. Note on 1Chronicles 7:12. Dan is not omitted in the present list.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**13. the sons of Kenaz--**the grandfather of Caleb, who from that relationship is called a Kenezite (Nu 32:12).

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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And of Asher, such as went forth to battle, expert in war, forty thousand. expert: or, keeping their rank

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(36) **Expert in war.**—Literally, *to order or marshal battle *(*ad aciem struendam*). The same phrase occurred in 1Chronicles 12:33; 1Chronicles 12:35. The margin (1Chronicles 12:33), “rangers of battle,” is good.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**14. Joab, the father of the valley of Carashim--**literally, "the father of the inhabitants of the valley"--"the valley of craftsmen," as the word denotes. They dwelt together, according to a custom which, independently of any law, extensively prevails in Eastern countries for persons of the same trade to inhabit the same street or the same quarter, and to follow the same occupation from father ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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And on the other side of Jordan, of the Reubenites, and the Gadites, and of the half tribe of Manasseh, with all manner of instruments of war for the battle, an hundred and twenty thousand.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(37) **On the other side.**—Better, from the other side; that is, from Peræa. **With all manner of instruments of war for the battle.**—*With all kinds of weapons of war- like service*. The large total of 120,000 for the two and a half Eastern tribes is certainly remarkable. But, admitting the possibility of corruption in the ciphers here and elsewhere, the want of other documents, with which the ...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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All these men of war, that could keep rank, came with a perfect heart to Hebron, to make David king over all Israel: and all the rest also of Israel were of one heart to make David king.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(38) Conclusion of the list of 1Chronicles 12:23-37. **All these men of war.***—*Rather, All the above, being men of war, forming line of battle with whole heart, came to Hebron to make David king*. The phrase “forming line of battle,” repeats the verb of *1Chronicles 12:3,* and supplies its proper object *(‘ôdĕrê ma’drãkhah*,* aciem struentes)*. *The Hebrew indicates a stop at “line of battle;” i...
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Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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And there they were with David three days, eating and drinking: for their brethren had prepared for them.

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(39-40) The coronation feast. Comp. 1Kings 1:9; 1Kings 1:19; 1Kings 1:25; the usurpation of Adonijah. **Their brethren.**—Fellow tribesmen of Judah; especially those living at and around Hebron. **Had prepared** victuals.—2Chronicles 35:14.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**17-18. she bare Miriam--**It is difficult, as the verses stand at present, to see who is meant. The following readjustment of the text clears away the obscurity: "These are the sons of Bithiah the daughter of Pharaoh, which Mered took, and she bare Miriam, and his wife Jehudijah bare Jezreel," &amp;c.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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Moreover they that were nigh them, even unto Issachar and Zebulun and Naphtali, brought bread on asses, and on camels, and on mules, and on oxen, and meat, meal, cakes of figs, and bunches of raisins, and wine, and oil, and oxen, and sheep abundantly: for there was joy in Israel. meat: or, victual of meal

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KJV Study Commentary

<strong>Theological Analysis:</strong> This passage falls within the section on Warriors who joined David - unity of Israel. The Hebrew term <em>גִּבּוֹר (gibbor) - mighty warrior</em> is theologically significant here, pointing to Unity of God's people under chosen leader. The Chronicler's narrative, while paralleling Samuel-Kings in places, offers a distinct theological perspective emphasizing t...
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Ellicott’s Commentary for English Readers

(40) **They that were nigh them.**—The tribes bordering on Judah (LXX. οἱ ὁμοροῦντες), and even the northern tribes, contributed provisions. **Brought, ***were bringing**.*** **Asses . . . camels . . . mules . . . oxen,** but not horses, were the usual beasts of burden in rocky Canaan. **Meat, meal.***—Rather, food of flour.* **Bunches.**—Rather, cakes of raisins; masses of dried figs and raisins ...
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary

**17-18. she bare Miriam--**It is difficult, as the verses stand at present, to see who is meant. The following readjustment of the text clears away the obscurity: "These are the sons of Bithiah the daughter of Pharaoh, which Mered took, and she bare Miriam, and his wife Jehudijah bare Jezreel," &amp;c.

Matthew Henry’s Concise Commentary

**Verses 23-40** When the throne of Christ is set up in a soul, there is, or ought to be, great joy in that soul; and provision is made, not as here, for a few days, but for the whole life, and for eternity. Happy are those who wisely perceive it to be their duty and interest, to submit to the Saviour Jesus Christ, the Son of David; who renounce for his sake all that is not consistent; whose e...
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