King James Version

What Does Proverbs 23:2 Mean?

Proverbs 23:2 in the King James Version says “And put a knife to thy throat, if thou be a man given to appetite. — study this verse from Proverbs chapter 23 with commentary, cross-references, and original Hebrew word analysis.

And put a knife to thy throat, if thou be a man given to appetite.

Proverbs 23:2 · KJV


Context

1

When thou sittest to eat with a ruler, consider diligently what is before thee:

2

And put a knife to thy throat, if thou be a man given to appetite.

3

Be not desirous of his dainties: for they are deceitful meat.

4

Labour not to be rich: cease from thine own wisdom.


Commentary

KJV Study Commentary
Put 'a knife to thy throat, if thou be a man given to appetite.' This vivid imagery counsels radical self-control with food, especially in the ruler's presence. The Hebrew 'baal nephesh' (given to appetite/master of desire) describes gluttony. The knife metaphor suggests treating unchecked appetite as mortally dangerous. Reformed theology recognizes gluttony as sin—failure of self-control and idolatry of physical pleasure. This applies beyond food to all appetites. We must mortify the flesh (Colossians 3:5), treating uncontrolled desire as life-threatening.

KJV Study — Public Domain

Historical & Cultural Context

Royal feasts displayed abundance and luxury. The temptation to overindulge was real, but doing so revealed lack of self-control and could result in loss of favor or manipulation by the host.

Reflection Questions

  1. What appetites do you need to treat as seriously dangerous and requiring radical control?
  2. How does the call to mortify the flesh apply to your eating habits and physical desires?
  3. In what ways might uncontrolled appetite compromise your integrity or judgment?

Original Language Analysis

Hebrew · 7 words
וְשַׂמְתָּ֣1 of 7

And put

H7760

to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)

שַׂכִּ֣ין2 of 7

a knife

H7915

a knife (as pointed or edged)

בְּלֹעֶ֑ךָ3 of 7

to thy throat

H3930

the gullet

אִם4 of 7
H518

used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not

בַּ֖עַל5 of 7

if thou be a man given

H1167

a master; hence, a husband, or (figuratively) owner (often used with another noun in modifications of this latter sense)

נֶ֣פֶשׁ6 of 7

to appetite

H5315

properly, a breathing creature, i.e., animal of (abstractly) vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense (bodily or ment

אָֽתָּה׃7 of 7
H859

thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you


Study Guide

Historical Context

This verse is found in the book of Proverbs. Understanding the historical and cultural background helps illuminate its meaning for the original audience and for us today.

Theological Significance

Proverbs 23:2 contributes to our understanding of God's character and His relationship with humanity. Consider how this verse connects to the broader themes of Scripture.

Cross-References

Verses related to Proverbs 23:2 from Treasury of Scripture Knowledge

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